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Sao Tome and Principe Health

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CONTENT


Causes of death across Sao Tome and Principe are changing because of Population Increase, Life Expectancy rise and Living Standard.On this below article we provide graphical representation of major causes of death in Sao Tome and Principe.

Highlights of Sao Tome and Principe BMI and Diet Compositions

Comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Data was analyzed by The Global Graph and is published in these below Highlights, Graphs and Tables (Data Quality & definitions)

  • As per United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), average person in Sao Tome and Principe gets their caloric supply from :
    • Carbohydrates : 65.74%65.74%
    • Fat : 30.85%30.85%
    • Plant protein : 6.57%6.57%
    • Animal protein : 2.81%2.81%
  • 5.96% increase in caloric supply : Currently Sao Tome and Principe gets 2400/kilocalories per person per day worth of caloric supply when compared to 2265/kilocalories per person per day in Year 1961
  • Cereals & Grains, Oils & Fats and Fruits & Vegetables are three major diet compositions in Sao Tome and Principe
  • Wheat, Rice and Maize are three major Cereal preferences in Sao Tome and Principe
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on vegetable intake is to range between 200-250g per day and in Sao Tome and Principe average intake is 43.97 grams
  • Bananas, Oranges & Mandarines and Apples are three major Fruit Types Intake in Sao Tome and Principe
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) typically set a guideline of 200g Fruit Intake per day and in Sao Tome and Principe average Fruit intake is 609.04grams
  • In Sao Tome and Principe, average male height is in the decreasing trend and female height is in decreasing trend
  • 31.60% of population is suffering from obesity and this trend is continously increasing from last few years
  • Average Male BMI in Sao Tome and Principe is in the range of normal and Average Female BMI is in range of obese (BMI = Body Mass Index - The WHO define a BMI <=18.5 as 'underweight'; 18.5 to 25 as 'normal/healthy'; 25.0 to 30.0 as 'obese')


Breakdown of the average per capita intake of cereals by specific cereal-based commodity types, measured in kilocalories per person per day. This figure measures the primary equivalent of all food products derived from a given commodity (e.g. "wheat" represents the primary equivalent of its derived products). Data refers to cereal food supply at the consumer level but does not account for consumer wastage in

Cereal Preferences in Sao Tome and Principe
RankCerealskcal/capita/day
1Wheat399
2Rice355
3Maize65
4Barley49
5Oats0

This below table shows the Diet Compositions (Average per capita dietary energy supply by commodity groups, measured in kilocalories per person per day) in Sao Tome and Principe

Diet Compositions in Sao Tome and Principe
RankTypekilocalories per person per day
1Cereals & Grains868
2Oils & Fats596
3Fruits & Vegetables362
4Sugar154
5Meat131
6Starchy Roots119
7Alcoholic Beverages62
8Dairy & Eggs45
10Other18

Major Cause of Death


Cardiovascular diseases was a major cause of death in Sao Tome and Principe with 204 registered deaths (in year 2016) i.e. 22% of total deaths. Overall Cardiovascular diseases, Lower respiratory infections and Cancers were the highest types of death causes in Sao Tome and Principe.
    Major Cause of Death in Sao Tome and Principe
  • We see the maximum number of deaths is seen in age group 70+ with 362 deaths (year 2016).
  • 33.64% kids below age 5 years die because of Neonatal disorders.
  • Lower respiratory infections, Cancers and Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases are the major cause of death in kids aged 5 - 14 years.
  • Cardiovascular disease, Liver disease and Cancers are the major cause of death in people aged 14 - 49 years.
  • Cardiovascular diseases, Cancers and Liver disease are the major cause of death in people aged over 50 years.
  • Overall, it's observed that 26% of people aging over 50 years die because of Cardiovascular diseases.
Read more about Cardiovascular diseases

Major Cause of Deaths in Sao Tome and Principe (and it's count) Number of Deaths in Sao Tome and Principe - Age wise (only due to Major diseases)

Major Risk Factors of Death


  • Three Major factors of death in Sao Tome and Principe are High blood pressure, Household air pollution and Alcohol use. Every year around 21 people die due to High blood pressure.
  • Child wasting and Low birth weight are the major risk factor of kids death aging under 5 years.
  • Household air pollution and Unsafe water source are the major risk factors of death of people aging between 5 to 14 years.
  • Alcohol use, High blood pressure and Unsafe sex are the death risk factors of people aging between 15 to 49 years.
  • High blood pressure, High body-mass index (obesity) and Alcohol use are the major death risk factors of people aging between 50 to 69 years.
  • High blood pressure is the major death risk factors for people aging more than 70 years.


Major Cause of Deaths in Sao Tome and Principe (and it's count)

Cancer Analysis


0.25% of Sao Tome and Principe population was suffering from cancer i.e. 251 people (average of years 2011-2016). Highest number of cancer patients deaths were recorded due to Stomach cancer (Count : 13) and Cervical cancer was also concerning with 11 deaths in a year. In last few years it has been observed that, people suffering from Esophageal cancer have 0% of survival chance.Sao Tome and Principe was really successful in diagnosing Thyroid cancerNasopharynx cancerNon-melanoma skin cancerGallbladder & biliary tract cancer where 100% of people were cured.Highest number of cancer patients i.e. 68 people were of age group 50-69 year olds.In 2016, 15 were suffering from Stomach cancer out of which 13 people were dead. This means 86.67% death rate of people suffering from Stomach cancer. This below data represents major cancer types in Sao Tome and Principe and number of deaths due to particular cancer types :

    Highlights of Cancer in Sao Tome and Principe :
  • 0.25 % of Sao Tome and Principe population is suffering from cancer
  • Highest number of deaths were registered due to Stomach cancer
  • Thyroid cancerNasopharynx cancerNon-melanoma skin cancerGallbladder & biliary tract cancer was most cured cancer in Sao Tome and Principe
  • Stomach cancer got lowest survival rate
Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Sao Tome and Principe

Tables (Appendix)


Major Cause of Deaths in Sao Tome and Principe (and it's count)
Cause of Death Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Dementia 16 1.69%
Cardiovascular diseases 204 21.49%
Kidney disease 36 3.79%
Respiratory disease 73 7.69%
Liver disease 62 6.53%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 67 7.06%
Digestive disease 29 3.05%
Hepatitis 2 0.21%
Cancers 107 11.27%
Parkinson's disease 1 0.11%
Fire 1 0.11%
Malaria 0 0%
Drowning 4 0.42%
Homicide 10 1.05%
HIV/AIDS 19 2%
Drug disorder 1 0.11%
Tuberculosis 15 1.58%
Road incidents 19 2%
Maternal deaths 8 0.84%
Neonatal deaths 72 7.58%
Alcohol disorder 2 0.21%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 30 3.16%
Digestive disease 29 3.06%
Diarrheal diseases 30 3.16%
Kidney disease 36 3.8%
Liver disease 62 6.54%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 67 7.06%
Neonatal deaths 72 7.59%
Respiratory disease 73 7.7%
Cancers 107 11.28%
Lower respiratory infections 107.64887407 11.35%
Cardiovascular diseases 204 21.51%


Sao Tome and Principe - Cause of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Homicide 1 0.47%
Lower respiratory infections 13 6.07%
Congenital birth defects 13 6.07%
Neonatal infections 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 0 0%
Nutritional deficiencies 18 8.41%
Protein-energy malnutrition 0 0%
Cancers 72 33.64%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 2 0.93%
Cardiovascular disease 0 0%
Digestive diseases 0 0%
Measles 1 0.47%
Road accidents 0 0%
Kidney disease 0 0%
Drowning 8 3.74%
Homicide 0 0%
Liver disease 2 0.93%
Fire 5 2.34%
Tuberculosis 1 0.47%
HIV/AIDS 2 0.93%
Hepatitis 4 1.87%
Malaria 23 10.75%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 29 13.55%
Drug use disorders 2 0.93%
Natural disasters 18 8.41%


Sao Tome and Principe - Cause of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 0 0%
Homicide 1 5%
Nutritional deficiencies 1 5%
Protein-energy malnutrition 1 5%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 1 5%
Road accidents 1 5%
Tuberculosis 0 0%
HIV/AIDS 1 5%
Drowning 1 5%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 0 0%
Cancers 3 15%
Hepatitis 0 0%
Digestive diseases 1 5%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 2 10%
Liver disease 1 5%
Respiratory disease 1 5%
Kidney disease 1 5%
Cardiovascular disease 1 5%
Lower respiratory infections 3 15%


Sao Tome and Principe - Cause of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 3 1.72%
Homicide 8 4.6%
Nutritional deficiencies 2 1.15%
Protein-energy malnutrition 2 1.15%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 3 1.72%
Road accidents 10 5.75%
Tuberculosis 5 2.87%
HIV/AIDS 15 8.62%
Drowning 2 1.15%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 0 0%
Cancers 20 11.49%
Hepatitis 1 0.57%
Digestive diseases 7 4.02%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 15 8.62%
Liver disease 22 12.64%
Respiratory disease 10 5.75%
Kidney disease 9 5.17%
Cardiovascular disease 24 13.79%
Drug disorder 1 0.57%
Alcohol disorder 1 0.57%
Parkinson's disease 0 0%
Dementia 0 0%
Lower respiratory infections 14 8.05%


Sao Tome and Principe - Cause of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 1 0.52%
Homicide 1 0.52%
Nutritional deficiencies 2 1.04%
Protein-energy malnutrition 1 0.52%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 2 1.04%
Road accidents 3 1.55%
Tuberculosis 5 2.59%
HIV/AIDS 2 1.04%
Drowning 0 0%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 0 0%
Cancers 34 17.62%
Hepatitis 1 0.52%
Digestive diseases 7 3.63%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 16 8.29%
Liver disease 23 11.92%
Respiratory disease 18 9.33%
Kidney disease 9 4.66%
Cardiovascular diseases 50 25.91%
Dementia 1 0.52%
Parkinson's disease 0 0%
Drug disorder 0 0%
Alcohol disorder 1 0.52%
Lower respiratory infections 16 8.29%


Sao Tome and Principe - Cause of Death in Age : 70 + years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 0 0%
Homicide 0 0%
Nutritional deficiencies 6 1.62%
Protein-energy malnutrition 5 1.35%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 5 1.35%
Road accidents 3 0.81%
Tuberculosis 5 1.35%
HIV/AIDS 0 0%
Drowning 0 0%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 0 0%
Cancers 42 11.35%
Hepatitis 0 0%
Digestive diseases 12 3.24%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 30 8.11%
Liver disease 15 4.05%
Respiratory disease 44 11.89%
Kidney disease 16 4.32%
Cardiovascular disease 125 33.78%
Parkinson's disease 1 0.27%
Dementia 16 4.32%
Drug use disorders 0 0%
Alcohol use disorders 0 0%
Lower respiratory infections 45 12.16%


Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Sao Tome and Principe
Major Risk Factors Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Unsafe water source 21 2.74%
Poor sanitation 13 1.69%
No access to handwashing facility 23 3%
Household air pollution 85 11.08%
Outdoor air pollution 41 5.35%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 5 0.65%
Discontinued breastfeeding 0 0%
Child wasting 40 5.22%
Child stunting 4 0.52%
Low birth weight 29 3.78%
Secondhand smoke 3 0.39%
Alcohol use 60 7.82%
Drug use 2 0.26%
Diet low in fruits 32 4.17%
Diet low in vegetables 23 3%
Unsafe sex 28 3.65%
Low physical activity 12 1.56%
High blood sugar 50 6.52%
High cholesterol 29 3.78%
High body-mass index (obesity) 54 7.04%
High blood pressure 148 19.3%
Smoking 55 7.17%
Iron deficiency 1 0.13%
Zinc deficiency 1 0.13%
Vitamin-A deficiency 1 0.13%
Low bone mineral density 7 0.91%


Sao Tome and Principe - Risk of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Discontinued breastfeeding 0 0%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 5 4.1%
Child stunting 4 3.28%
Low birth weight 29 23.77%
Drug use 0 0%
No access to handwashing facility 9 7.38%
Secondhand smoke 0 0%
Poor sanitation 8 6.56%
Unsafe water source 13 10.66%
Household air pollution 10 8.2%
Outdoor air pollution 4 3.28%
High body-mass index (obesity) 0 0%
High blood pressure 0 0%
High blood sugar 0 0%
Child wasting 40 32.79%
Iron deficiency 0 0%


Sao Tome and Principe - Risk of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Drug use 0 0%
Alcohol use 0 0%
No access to handwashing facility 1 20%
Unsafe water source 1 20%
Unsafe sex 0 0%
Iron deficiency 1 20%
Secondhand smoke 0 0%
Household air pollution 1 20%
Outdoor air pollution 0 0%
High body-mass index (obesity) 0 0%
High blood sugar 0 0%
High blood pressure 0 0%
Poor sanitation 1 20%
Iron deficiency 0 0%


Sao Tome and Principe - Risk of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 1 0.86%
Low bone mineral density 0 0%
Drug use 1 0.86%
Alcohol use 18 15.52%
No access to handwashing facility 3 2.59%
Unsafe water source 2 1.72%
Poor sanitation 1 0.86%
Smoking 6 5.17%
Secondhand smoke 0 0%
Low physical activity 1 0.86%
Diet low in fruits 6 5.17%
Diet low in vegetables 4 3.45%
Unsafe sex 18 15.52%
High body-mass index (obesity) 11 9.48%
Household air pollution 11 9.48%
Outdoor air pollution 5 4.31%
High total cholesterol 4 3.45%
High blood pressure 18 15.52%
High blood sugar 6 5.17%


Sao Tome and Principe - Risk of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 1 0.51%
Drug use 0 0%
Alcohol use 21 10.71%
No access to handwashing facility 3 1.53%
Poor sanitation 1 0.51%
Unsafe sex 7 3.57%
Smoking 20 10.2%
Secondhand smoke 1 0.51%
Unsafe water source 2 1.02%
Diet low in vegetables 7 3.57%
Diet low in fruits 12 6.12%
Low physical activity 2 1.02%
Outdoor air pollution 10 5.1%
Household air pollution 20 10.2%
High body-mass index (obesity) 23 11.73%
High blood sugar 15 7.65%
High total cholesterol 9 4.59%
High blood pressure 42 21.43%


Sao Tome and Principe - Risk of Death in Age : 70+ years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 5 1.53%
Drug use 0 0%
Alcohol use 21 6.44%
Smoking 30 9.2%
Secondhand smoke 1 0.31%
Household air pollution 43 13.19%
Outdoor air pollution 21 6.44%
No access to handwashing facility 7 2.15%
Poor sanitation 2 0.61%
Unsafe water source 4 1.23%
Unsafe sex 3 0.92%
Low physical activity 9 2.76%
Diet low in vegetables 12 3.68%
Diet low in fruits 15 4.6%
High cholesterol 16 4.91%
High blood pressure 88 26.99%
High blood sugar 29 8.9%
High body-mass index (obesity) 20 6.13%


#VALUE!
Sao Tome and Principe - Number of Deaths by Cancer Type
Cancer Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Liver cancer Patients : 2 | Deaths : 1 50%
Breast cancer Patients : 35 | Deaths : 6 17.14%
Larynx cancer Patients : 2 | Deaths : 1 50%
Kidney cancer Patients : 12 | Deaths : 1 8.33%
Thyroid cancer Patients : 2 | Deaths : 0 0%
Ovarian cancer Patients : 5 | Deaths : 2 40%
Stomach cancer Patients : 15 | Deaths : 13 86.67%
Uterine cancer Patients : 6 | Deaths : 2 33.33%
Bladder cancer Patients : 12 | Deaths : 3 25%
Cervical cancer Patients : 71 | Deaths : 11 15.49%
Prostate cancer Patients : 15 | Deaths : 5 33.33%
Pancreatic cancer Patients : 4 | Deaths : 3 75%
Esophageal cancer Patients : 3 | Deaths : 3 100%
Nasopharynx cancer Patients : 1 | Deaths : 0 0%
Colon & rectum cancer Patients : 20 | Deaths : 9 45%
Non-melanoma skin cancer Patients : 1 | Deaths : 0 0%
Lip & oral cancer Patients : 3 | Deaths : 1 33.33%
Brain & nervous system cancer Patients : 4 | Deaths : 2 50%
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer Patients : 12 | Deaths : 2 16.67%
Gallbladder & biliary tract cancer Patients : 1 | Deaths : 0 0%


Sao Tome and Principe - Number of Deaths due to Cancer - Age Wise
Age Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Under-5s 52 20.72%
5-14 year olds 5 1.99%
15-49 year olds 65 25.9%
50-69 year olds 68 27.09%
70+ year olds 61 24.3%


Source :
http://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation/gd004/
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/477365-1327525347307/8392086-1327528510568/WDR09_bookweb_1.pdf

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