Haiti Health

CONTENT

Major Cause of Death Major Risk Factors of Death Cancer Analysis Tables (Appendix)

Causes of death across Haiti are changing because of Population Increase, Life Expectancy rise and Living Standard.On this below article we provide graphical representation of major causes of death in Haiti.

Highlights of Haiti BMI and Diet Compositions

Comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Data was analyzed by The Global Graph and is published in these below Highlights, Graphs and Tables (Data Quality & definitions)

• As per United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), average person in Haiti gets their caloric supply from :
• Carbohydrates : 76.38%76.38%
• Fat : 23.05%23.05%
• Plant protein : 7.86%7.86%
• Animal protein : 2.12%2.12%
• 9.42% increase in caloric supply : Currently Haiti gets 2091/kilocalories per person per day worth of caloric supply when compared to 1911/kilocalories per person per day in Year 1961
• Cereals & Grains, Oils & Fats and Starchy Roots are three major diet compositions in Haiti
• Rice, Maize and Wheat are three major Cereal preferences in Haiti
• National and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on vegetable intake is to range between 200-250g per day and in Haiti average intake is 52.16 grams
• Bananas, Plantains and Oranges & Mandarines are three major Fruit Types Intake in Haiti
• National and World Health Organization (WHO) typically set a guideline of 200g Fruit Intake per day and in Haiti average Fruit intake is 180.82grams
• In Haiti, average male height is in the increasing trend and female height is in decreasing trend
• 51.10% of population is suffering from obesity and this trend is continously increasing from last few years
• Average Male BMI in Haiti is in the range of normal and Average Female BMI is in range of normal (BMI = Body Mass Index - The WHO define a BMI <=18.5 as 'underweight'; 18.5 to 25 as 'normal/healthy'; 25.0 to 30.0 as 'obese')

Breakdown of the average per capita intake of cereals by specific cereal-based commodity types, measured in kilocalories per person per day. This figure measures the primary equivalent of all food products derived from a given commodity (e.g. "wheat" represents the primary equivalent of its derived products). Data refers to cereal food supply at the consumer level but does not account for consumer wastage in

Cereal Preferences in Haiti

Rank	Cereals	kcal/capita/day
1	Rice	426
2	Maize	217
3	Wheat	141
4	Sorghum	35
5	Oats	0

This below table shows the Diet Compositions (Average per capita dietary energy supply by commodity groups, measured in kilocalories per person per day) in Haiti

Diet Compositions in Haiti

Rank	Type	kilocalories per person per day
1	Cereals & Grains	820
2	Oils & Fats	296
3	Starchy Roots	281
4	Pulses	187
5	Sugar	173
6	Fruits & Vegetables	112
7	Meat	96
8	Alcoholic Beverages	71
9	Dairy & Eggs	47
10	Other	8

Major Cause of Death

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Cardiovascular diseases was a major cause of death in Haiti with 28743 registered deaths (in year 2016) i.e. 31% of total deaths. Overall Cardiovascular diseases, Cancers and Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease were the highest types of death causes in Haiti.

Major Cause of Death in Haiti
• We see the maximum number of deaths is seen in age group 70+ with 29490 deaths (year 2016).
• 35.88% kids below age 5 years die because of Neonatal disorders.
• HIV/AIDS, Road accidents and Natural disasters are the major cause of death in kids aged 5 - 14 years.
• HIV/AIDS, Cardiovascular disease and Cancers are the major cause of death in people aged 14 - 49 years.
• Cardiovascular diseases, Cancers and Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases are the major cause of death in people aged over 50 years.
• Overall, it's observed that 41% of people aging over 50 years die because of Cardiovascular diseases.

Read more about Cardiovascular diseases

Major Risk Factors of Death

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• Three Major factors of death in Haiti are High blood pressure, High blood sugar and Household air pollution. Every year around 3043 people die due to High blood pressure.
• Child wasting and Low birth weight are the major risk factor of kids death aging under 5 years.
• Unsafe water source and Poor sanitation are the major risk factors of death of people aging between 5 to 14 years.
• Unsafe sex, Alcohol use and High blood pressure are the death risk factors of people aging between 15 to 49 years.
• High blood pressure, High blood sugar and Household air pollution are the major death risk factors of people aging between 50 to 69 years.
• High blood pressure is the major death risk factors for people aging more than 70 years.

Cancer Analysis

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0.4% of Haiti population was suffering from cancer i.e. 25396 people (average of years 2011-2016). Highest number of cancer patients deaths were recorded due to Prostate cancer (Count : 1274) and Breast cancer was also concerning with 1114 deaths in a year. In last few years it has been observed that, people suffering from Esophageal cancer have 7% of survival chance.Haiti was really successful in diagnosing Kidney cancer where 89% of people were cured.Highest number of cancer patients i.e. 10004 people were of age group 50-69 year olds.In 2016, 4210 were suffering from Prostate cancer out of which 1274 people were dead. This means 30.26% death rate of people suffering from Prostate cancer. This below data represents major cancer types in Haiti and number of deaths due to particular cancer types :

Highlights of Cancer in Haiti :
• 0.4 % of Haiti population is suffering from cancer
• Highest number of deaths were registered due to Prostate cancer
• Kidney cancer was most cured cancer in Haiti
• Prostate cancer got lowest survival rate

Tables (Appendix)

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Major Cause of Deaths in Haiti (and it's count)

Cause of Death	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Dementia	1192	1.29%
Cardiovascular diseases	28743	31.07%
Kidney disease	2324	2.51%
Respiratory disease	3129	3.38%
Liver disease	1508	1.63%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease	8005	8.65%
Digestive disease	2460	2.66%
Hepatitis	85	0.09%
Cancers	10555	11.41%
Parkinson's disease	103	0.11%
Fire	456	0.49%
Malaria	10	0.01%
Drowning	1043	1.13%
Homicide	792	0.86%
HIV/AIDS	5336	5.77%
Drug disorder	76	0.08%
Tuberculosis	1322	1.43%
Road incidents	2879	3.11%
Maternal deaths	1192	1.29%
Neonatal deaths	5994	6.48%
Alcohol disorder	258	0.28%
Natural disasters	1342	1.45%
Diarrheal diseases	4117	4.45%
Digestive disease	2460	2.66%
Road incidents	2879	3.11%
Respiratory disease	3129	3.38%
Diarrheal diseases	4117	4.45%
HIV/AIDS	5336	5.77%
Lower respiratory infections	5420.77750571	5.86%
Neonatal deaths	5994	6.48%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease	8005	8.65%
Cancers	10555	11.41%
Cardiovascular diseases	28743	31.07%

Haiti - Cause of Death in Age : Under 5 years

Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Homicide	30	0.18%
Diarrheal diseases	483	2.89%
Lower respiratory infections	499	2.99%
Congenital birth defects	124	0.74%
Neonatal infections	14	0.08%
Nutritional deficiencies	2479	14.84%
Protein-energy malnutrition	0	0%
Cardiovascular disease	5994	35.88%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease	265	1.59%
Road accidents	60	0.36%
Digestive diseases	134	0.8%
Drowning	214	1.28%
Fire	1	0.01%
HIV/AIDS	143	0.86%
Natural disasters	122	0.73%
Cancers	9	0.05%
Kidney disease	264	1.58%
Tuberculosis	278	1.66%
Homicide	27	0.16%
Liver disease	66	0.4%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	454	2.72%
Hepatitis	1709	10.23%
Malaria	2415	14.46%
Drug use disorders	0	0%
Measles	920	5.51%

Haiti - Cause of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years

Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Suicide	23	1.02%
Homicide	26	1.15%
Nutritional deficiencies	39	1.72%
Protein-energy malnutrition	33	1.46%
Natural disasters	233	10.29%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	8	0.35%
Diarrheal diseases	133	5.87%
Road accidents	316	13.96%
Tuberculosis	21	0.93%
HIV/AIDS	450	19.88%
Drowning	169	7.46%
Malaria	0	0%
Fire	49	2.16%
Cancers	161	7.11%
Hepatitis	6	0.27%
Digestive diseases	67	2.96%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases	133	5.87%
Liver disease	22	0.97%
Respiratory disease	66	2.92%
Kidney disease	34	1.5%
Cardiovascular disease	165	7.29%
Lower respiratory infections	110	4.86%

Haiti - Cause of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years

Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Suicide	771	3.87%
Homicide	671	3.37%
Nutritional deficiencies	106	0.53%
Protein-energy malnutrition	78	0.39%
Natural disasters	691	3.47%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	54	0.27%
Diarrheal diseases	400	2.01%
Road accidents	1782	8.95%
Tuberculosis	530	2.66%
HIV/AIDS	3945	19.81%
Drowning	533	2.68%
Malaria	6	0.03%
Fire	124	0.62%
Cancers	2092	10.51%
Hepatitis	44	0.22%
Digestive diseases	575	2.89%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases	1432	7.19%
Liver disease	483	2.43%
Respiratory disease	537	2.7%
Kidney disease	556	2.79%
Cardiovascular disease	3716	18.66%
Drug disorder	52	0.26%
Alcohol disorder	128	0.64%
Parkinson's disease	1	0.01%
Dementia	3	0.02%
Lower respiratory infections	602	3.02%

Haiti - Cause of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years

Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Suicide	134	0.56%
Homicide	55	0.23%
Nutritional deficiencies	117	0.49%
Protein-energy malnutrition	91	0.38%
Natural disasters	197	0.83%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	19	0.08%
Diarrheal diseases	381	1.6%
Road accidents	354	1.49%
Tuberculosis	401	1.68%
HIV/AIDS	755	3.17%
Drowning	98	0.41%
Malaria	1	0%
Fire	54	0.23%
Cancers	4202	17.64%
Hepatitis	19	0.08%
Digestive diseases	704	2.96%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases	2996	12.58%
Liver disease	657	2.76%
Respiratory disease	924	3.88%
Kidney disease	847	3.56%
Cardiovascular diseases	9847	41.34%
Dementia	114	0.48%
Parkinson's disease	13	0.05%
Drug disorder	14	0.06%
Alcohol disorder	103	0.43%
Lower respiratory infections	721	3.03%

Haiti - Cause of Death in Age : 70 + years

Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Suicide	44	0.15%
Homicide	10	0.03%
Nutritional deficiencies	271	0.9%
Protein-energy malnutrition	227	0.76%
Natural disasters	97	0.32%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	14	0.05%
Diarrheal diseases	724	2.42%
Road accidents	162	0.54%
Tuberculosis	311	1.04%
HIV/AIDS	51	0.17%
Drowning	29	0.1%
Malaria	1	0%
Fire	87	0.29%
Cancers	3978	13.28%
Hepatitis	7	0.02%
Digestive diseases	851	2.84%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases	3167	10.57%
Liver disease	319	1.06%
Respiratory disease	1459	4.87%
Kidney disease	821	2.74%
Cardiovascular disease	14562	48.6%
Parkinson's disease	88	0.29%
Dementia	1076	3.59%
Drug use disorders	9	0.03%
Alcohol use disorders	28	0.09%
Lower respiratory infections	1572	5.25%

Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Haiti

Major Risk Factors	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Unsafe water source	3043	3.06%
Poor sanitation	2560	2.58%
No access to handwashing facility	2345	2.36%
Household air pollution	9899	9.97%
Outdoor air pollution	4941	4.98%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding	831	0.84%
Discontinued breastfeeding	62	0.06%
Child wasting	3514	3.54%
Child stunting	434	0.44%
Low birth weight	2332	2.35%
Secondhand smoke	749	0.75%
Alcohol use	4360	4.39%
Drug use	539	0.54%
Diet low in fruits	4222	4.25%
Diet low in vegetables	4355	4.39%
Unsafe sex	4889	4.92%
Low physical activity	2327	2.34%
High blood sugar	12784	12.87%
High cholesterol	6262	6.31%
High body-mass index (obesity)	6777	6.82%
High blood pressure	16594	16.71%
Smoking	4828	4.86%
Iron deficiency	59	0.06%
Zinc deficiency	159	0.16%
Vitamin-A deficiency	179	0.18%
Low bone mineral density	271	0.27%

Haiti - Risk of Death in Age : Under 5 years

Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Discontinued breastfeeding	62	0.46%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding	831	6.12%
Child stunting	434	3.2%
Low birth weight	2332	17.17%
Drug use	0	0%
No access to handwashing facility	1301	9.58%
Secondhand smoke	88	0.65%
Poor sanitation	1541	11.35%
Unsafe water source	1837	13.53%
Household air pollution	1146	8.44%
Outdoor air pollution	468	3.45%
High body-mass index (obesity)	6	0.04%
High blood pressure	2	0.01%
High blood sugar	17	0.13%
Child wasting	3514	25.88%
Iron deficiency	0	0%

Haiti - Risk of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years

Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Drug use	0	0%
Alcohol use	2	0.43%
No access to handwashing facility	67	14.41%
Unsafe water source	98	21.08%
Unsafe sex	59	12.69%
Iron deficiency	58	12.47%
Secondhand smoke	4	0.86%
Household air pollution	54	11.61%
Outdoor air pollution	21	4.52%
High body-mass index (obesity)	3	0.65%
High blood sugar	14	3.01%
High blood pressure	1	0.22%
Poor sanitation	83	17.85%
Iron deficiency	1	0.22%

Haiti - Risk of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years

Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency	58	0.34%
Low bone mineral density	30	0.18%
Drug use	259	1.54%
Alcohol use	1982	11.76%
No access to handwashing facility	238	1.41%
Unsafe water source	294	1.74%
Poor sanitation	249	1.48%
Smoking	892	5.29%
Secondhand smoke	104	0.62%
Low physical activity	185	1.1%
Diet low in fruits	871	5.17%
Diet low in vegetables	802	4.76%
Unsafe sex	3384	20.08%
High body-mass index (obesity)	1529	9.07%
Household air pollution	1414	8.39%
Outdoor air pollution	740	4.39%
High total cholesterol	1025	6.08%
High blood pressure	1699	10.08%
High blood sugar	1097	6.51%

Haiti - Risk of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years

Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency	0	0%
Low bone mineral density	80	0.24%
Drug use	208	0.62%
Alcohol use	1569	4.66%
No access to handwashing facility	246	0.73%
Poor sanitation	237	0.7%
Unsafe sex	1137	3.38%
Smoking	2378	7.07%
Secondhand smoke	261	0.78%
Unsafe water source	281	0.84%
Diet low in vegetables	1825	5.42%
Diet low in fruits	1826	5.43%
Low physical activity	783	2.33%
Outdoor air pollution	1750	5.2%
Household air pollution	3357	9.98%
High body-mass index (obesity)	3316	9.85%
High blood sugar	5354	15.91%
High total cholesterol	2626	7.8%
High blood pressure	6417	19.07%

Haiti - Risk of Death in Age : 70+ years

Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency	0	0%
Low bone mineral density	161	0.47%
Drug use	72	0.21%
Alcohol use	808	2.34%
Smoking	1558	4.52%
Secondhand smoke	292	0.85%
Household air pollution	3928	11.39%
Outdoor air pollution	1961	5.69%
No access to handwashing facility	493	1.43%
Poor sanitation	450	1.3%
Unsafe water source	533	1.55%
Unsafe sex	309	0.9%
Low physical activity	1359	3.94%
Diet low in vegetables	1729	5.01%
Diet low in fruits	1525	4.42%
High cholesterol	2611	7.57%
High blood pressure	8475	24.57%
High blood sugar	6303	18.28%
High body-mass index (obesity)	1921	5.57%

Haiti - Number of Deaths by Cancer Type

Cancer Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Liver cancer	Patients : 374 | Deaths : 120	32.09%
Breast cancer	Patients : 5867 | Deaths : 1114	18.99%
Larynx cancer	Patients : 387 | Deaths : 140	36.18%
Kidney cancer	Patients : 770 | Deaths : 87	11.3%
Thyroid cancer	Patients : 250 | Deaths : 48	19.2%
Ovarian cancer	Patients : 546 | Deaths : 165	30.22%
Stomach cancer	Patients : 1295 | Deaths : 1026	79.23%
Uterine cancer	Patients : 1168 | Deaths : 243	20.8%
Bladder cancer	Patients : 512 | Deaths : 145	28.32%
Cervical cancer	Patients : 6070 | Deaths : 1038	17.1%
Prostate cancer	Patients : 4210 | Deaths : 1274	30.26%
Testicular cancer	Patients : 55 | Deaths : 12	21.82%
Pancreatic cancer	Patients : 286 | Deaths : 179	62.59%
Esophageal cancer	Patients : 211 | Deaths : 196	92.89%
Nasopharynx cancer	Patients : 213 | Deaths : 46	21.6%
Colon & rectum cancer	Patients : 2411 | Deaths : 879	36.46%
Non-melanoma skin cancer	Patients : 134 | Deaths : 70	52.24%
Lip & oral cancer	Patients : 724 | Deaths : 132	18.23%
Brain & nervous system cancer	Patients : 469 | Deaths : 191	40.72%
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer	Patients : 1018 | Deaths : 166	16.31%
Gallbladder & biliary tract cancer	Patients : 106 | Deaths : 67	63.21%

Haiti - Number of Deaths due to Cancer - Age Wise

Age	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Under-5s	701	2.76%
5-14 year olds	355	1.4%
15-49 year olds	6759	26.61%
50-69 year olds	10004	39.39%
70+ year olds	7578	29.84%

Source :
http://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation/gd004/
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/477365-1327525347307/8392086-1327528510568/WDR09_bookweb_1.pdf