159.09% Increase in Togo's Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990) - The World Bank Report

Last Update: This Article was Last updated on | Published by : theglobalgraph.com | Category : Togo

Highlights of this Analysis on Togo (Comparison 2010 vs 2018) :

159.09% Increase in Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)
100.00% Decrease in School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
33.33% Decrease in Forest area (% of land area)
95.95% Increase in Methane emissions (% change from 1990)
51.52% Increase in Access to electricity (% of population)
1.49% Decrease in Agricultural land (% of land area)

Togo a Sub-Saharan Africa regioned country, is categorized as Low income country by United Nations. These below are few data elements published by The World Bank impacting overall Climate Change.

Climate change is an acute threat to global development and efforts to end poverty. Without urgent action, climate change impacts could push an additional 100 million people into poverty by 2030.Countries and communities around the world are already experiencing increased climate change impacts – including droughts, floods, more intense and frequent natural disasters, and sea-level rise – and the poorest and most vulnerable are being hit the hardest.

Togo Urban population (% of total population)

Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.

Data Source : United Nations Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.

Year

Togo Urban population (% of total population)
Year	Values
1960	10
1970	20
1980	24
1990	28
2000	32
2010	37

Togo Urban population

Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.

Data Source : World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.

Observation : Togo Urban population is in Increasing trend

159600
408976
642387
1036473
1551733
2316434

Year

Togo Urban population
Year	Values
1960	159600
1970	408976
1980	642387
1990	1036473
2000	1551733
2010	2316434

Togo Urban population growth (annual %)

Data Source : World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.

Observation : Togo Urban population growth (annual %) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Urban population growth (annual %)
Year	Values
1960	9
1970	12
1980	4
1990	4
2000	5
2010	4

Togo Population, total

Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.

Data Source : (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.

Observation : Togo Population, total is in Increasing trend

1580513
2034907
2642696
3678567
4780448
6250835

Year

Togo Population, total
Year	Values
1960	1580513
1970	2034907
1980	2642696
1990	3678567
2000	4780448
2010	6250835

Togo Population growth (annual %)

Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Data Source : Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision, (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.

Observation : Togo Population growth (annual %) is in Stable trend

Year

Togo Population growth (annual %)
Year	Values
1960	1
1970	4
1980	3
1990	3
2000	3
2010	3

Togo Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)

Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.

Data Source : Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.

Observation : Togo Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
Year	Values
1960	270
1970	228
1980	181
1990	148
2000	124
2010	93

Togo Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)

Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.

Data Source : UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

Observation : Togo Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	52
1990	30
2000	56
2010	66

Togo School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)

Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.

Data Source : UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

Observation : Togo School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	1
1990	1
2000	1
2010	0

Togo Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)

Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3 or 4.

Data Source : World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.

Observation : Togo Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
Year	Values
1960	55
1970	43
1980	25
1990	32
2000	37
2010	31

Togo CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high)

The public sector management and institutions cluster includes property rights and rule-based governance, quality of budgetary and financial management, efficiency of revenue mobilization, quality of public administration, and transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector.

Data Source : World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).

Observation : Togo CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	0
2010	2

Togo Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)

Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2018 had a population of more than one million people.

Data Source : United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.

Observation : Togo Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)
Year	Values
1960	6
1970	9
1980	12
1990	16
2000	20
2010	23

Togo Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009)

Droughts, floods and extreme temperatures is the annual average percentage of the population that is affected by natural disasters classified as either droughts, floods, or extreme temperature events. A drought is an extended period of time characterized by a deficiency in a region's water supply that is the result of constantly below average precipitation. A drought can lead to losses to agriculture, affect inland navigation and hydropower plants, and cause a lack of drinking water and famine. A flood is a significant rise of water level in a stream, lake, reservoir or coastal region. Extreme temperature events are either cold waves or heat waves. A cold wave can be both a prolonged period of excessively cold weather and the sudden invasion of very cold air over a large area. Along with frost it can cause damage to agriculture, infrastructure, and property. A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and sometimes also humid weather relative to normal climate patterns of a certain region. Population affected is the number of people injured, left homeless or requiring immediate assistance during a period of emergency resulting from a natural disaster; it can also include displaced or evacuated people. Average percentage of population affected is calculated by dividing the sum of total affected for the period stated by the sum of the annual population figures for the period stated.

Data Source : EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database: www.emdat.be, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels (Belgium), World Bank.

Observation : Togo Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	0
2010	1

Togo Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)

Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Data Source : World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

Observation : Togo Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	-26
2010	44

Togo Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management.

Data Source : European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

Observation : Togo Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) is in Increasing trend

0
0
1422
1693
1609
3138

Year

Togo Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	1422
1990	1693
2000	1609
2010	3138

Togo Methane emissions (% change from 1990)

Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Observation : Togo Methane emissions (% change from 1990) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Methane emissions (% change from 1990)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	3
2010	74

Togo Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.

Observation : Togo Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) is in Increasing trend

0
0
2129
2594
3189
5365

Year

Togo Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	2129
1990	2594
2000	3189
2010	5365

Togo Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

Total greenhouse gas emissions are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and Savannah burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and decay of drained peatlands), all anthropogenic CH4 sources, N2O sources and F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6). Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Observation : Togo Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	48
2010	78

Togo Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Total greenhouse gas emissions in kt of CO2 equivalent are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and Savannah burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and decay of drained peatlands), all anthropogenic CH4 sources, N2O sources and F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6).

Observation : Togo Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) is in Increasing trend

0
0
9686
10920
19898
23856

Year

Togo Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	9686
1990	10920
2000	19898
2010	23856

Togo Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Observation : Togo Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	86
2010	73

Togo Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.

Observation : Togo Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) is in Decreasing trend

0
0
5581
5948
13753
13718

Year

Togo Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	5581
1990	5948
2000	13753
2010	13718

Togo CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)

Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Togo CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) is in Stable trend

Year

Togo CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	1
1990	0
2000	0
2010	0

Togo CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total)

Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Togo CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	100
1970	100
1980	100
1990	77
2000	80
2010	79

Togo CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)

Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Togo CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt) is in Increasing trend

66
242
1382
642
1236
2197

Year

Togo CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)
Year	Values
1960	66
1970	242
1980	1382
1990	642
2000	1236
2010	2197

Togo CO2 emissions (kt)

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Togo CO2 emissions (kt) is in Increasing trend

66
242
1382
836
1536
2783

Year

Togo CO2 emissions (kt)
Year	Values
1960	66
1970	242
1980	1382
1990	836
2000	1536
2010	2783

Togo CO2 emissions (kg per 2010 US$ of GDP)

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Togo CO2 emissions (kg per 2010 US$ of GDP) is in Stable trend

Year

Togo CO2 emissions (kg per 2010 US$ of GDP)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	1
1990	0
2000	1
2010	1

Togo CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use)

Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Togo CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use) is in Stable trend

Year

Togo CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	2
1990	1
2000	1
2010	1

Togo Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)

Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Togo Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	335
1990	326
2000	442
2010	498

Togo Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)

Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Togo Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	76
1990	86
2000	113
2010	124

Togo Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2011 PPP)

Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2011 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Togo Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2011 PPP) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2011 PPP)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	345
2010	414

Togo Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)

Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.

Data Source : World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.

Observation : Togo Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	73
2010	63

Togo Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)

Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Togo Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	0
2010	3

Togo Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)

Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Togo Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh) is in Increasing trend

0
0
0
0
0
4000000

Year

Togo Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	0
2010	4000000

Togo Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)

Renewable electricity is the share of electrity generated by renewable power plants in total electricity generated by all types of plants.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2018 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Togo Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	48
2010	75

Togo Electricity production from oil sources (% of total)

Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Togo Electricity production from oil sources (% of total) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Electricity production from oil sources (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	64
1990	26
2000	52
2010	25

Togo Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)

Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Togo Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	36
1990	74
2000	48
2010	72

Togo Access to electricity (% of population)

Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.

Observation : Togo Access to electricity (% of population) is in Increasing trend

Year

Togo Access to electricity (% of population)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	16
2010	33

Togo Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)

Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.

Data Source : International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, World Bank, International Debt Statistics, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.

Observation : Togo Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	6
1990	1
2000	3
2010	1

Togo Cereal yield (kg per hectare)

Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Togo Cereal yield (kg per hectare) is in Increasing trend

0
727
823
918
1061
1243

Year

Togo Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	727
1980	823
1990	918
2000	1061
2010	1243

Togo Forest area (% of land area)

Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Togo Forest area (% of land area) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Forest area (% of land area)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	9
2010	6

Togo Forest area (sq. km)

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Togo Forest area (sq. km) is in Decreasing trend

0
0
0
0
5059
3068

Year

Togo Forest area (sq. km)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	5059
2010	3068

Togo Arable land (% of land area)

Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Togo Arable land (% of land area) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Arable land (% of land area)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	33
1980	36
1990	38
2000	46
2010	44

Togo Agricultural land (% of land area)

Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Togo Agricultural land (% of land area) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Togo Agricultural land (% of land area)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	57
1980	56
1990	58
2000	67
2010	66

Togo Agricultural land (sq. km)

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Togo Agricultural land (sq. km) is in Decreasing trend

0
30750
30300
31400
36300
36050

Year

Togo Agricultural land (sq. km)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	30750
1980	30300
1990	31400
2000	36300
2010	36050