CONTENT
Causes of death across Zambia are changing because of Population Increase, Life Expectancy rise and Living Standard.On this below article we provide graphical representation of major causes of death in Zambia.
Highlights of Zambia BMI and Diet Compositions
Comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Data was analyzed by The Global Graph and is published in these below Highlights, Graphs and Tables (Data Quality & definitions)
- As per United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), average person in Zambia gets their caloric supply from :
- Carbohydrates : 61.75%
61.75% - Fat : 17.56%
17.56% - Plant protein : 8.54%
8.54% - Animal protein : 1.71%
1.71% - 10.44% decrease in caloric supply : Currently Zambia gets 1930/kilocalories per person per day worth of caloric supply when compared to 2155/kilocalories per person per day in Year 1961
- Cereals & Grains, Oils & Fats and Starchy Roots are three major diet compositions in Zambia
- Maize, Wheat and Rice are three major Cereal preferences in Zambia
- National and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on vegetable intake is to range between 200-250g per day and in Zambia average intake is 70.58 grams
- Oranges & Mandarines, Apples and Bananas are three major Fruit Types Intake in Zambia
- National and World Health Organization (WHO) typically set a guideline of 200g Fruit Intake per day and in Zambia average Fruit intake is 28.03grams
- In Zambia, average male height is in the decreasing trend and female height is in decreasing trend
- 23.90% of population is suffering from obesity and this trend is continously increasing from last few years
- Average Male BMI in Zambia is in the range of normal and Average Female BMI is in range of normal (BMI = Body Mass Index - The WHO define a BMI <=18.5 as 'underweight'; 18.5 to 25 as 'normal/healthy'; 25.0 to 30.0 as 'obese')
| Rank | Cereals | kcal/capita/day |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maize | 999 |
| 2 | Wheat | 97 |
| 3 | Rice | 30 |
| 4 | Sorghum | 5 |
| 5 | Oats | 0 |
| Rank | Type | kilocalories per person per day |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cereals & Grains | 1135 |
| 2 | Oils & Fats | 266 |
| 3 | Starchy Roots | 246 |
| 4 | Sugar | 100 |
| 5 | Meat | 71 |
| 6 | Alcoholic Beverages | 32 |
| 7 | Fruits & Vegetables | 30 |
| 8 | Dairy & Eggs | 26 |
| 9 | Pulses | 17 |
| 10 | Other | 7 |
Major Cause of Death
HIV/AIDS was a major cause of death in Zambia with 25188 registered deaths (in year 2016) i.e. 17% of total deaths. Overall HIV/AIDS, Cardiovascular diseases and Lower respiratory infections were the highest types of death causes in Zambia.
- We see the maximum number of deaths is seen in age group 15-49 with 48747 deaths (year 2016).
- 30.29% kids below age 5 years die because of Neonatal disorders.
- HIV/AIDS, Diarrheal diseases and Malaria are the major cause of death in kids aged 5 - 14 years.
- HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Cancers are the major cause of death in people aged 14 - 49 years.
- Cardiovascular diseases, Cancers and Tuberculosis are the major cause of death in people aged over 50 years.
- Overall, it's observed that 23% of people aging over 50 years die because of Cardiovascular diseases.
Major Risk Factors of Death
- Three Major factors of death in Zambia are Unsafe sex, High blood pressure and Household air pollution. Every year around 6888 people die due to Unsafe sex.
- Child wasting and Low birth weight are the major risk factor of kids death aging under 5 years.
- Unsafe sex and Unsafe water source are the major risk factors of death of people aging between 5 to 14 years.
- Unsafe sex, Alcohol use and Household air pollution are the death risk factors of people aging between 15 to 49 years.
- High blood pressure, Smoking and Unsafe sex are the major death risk factors of people aging between 50 to 69 years.
- High blood pressure is the major death risk factors for people aging more than 70 years.
Cancer Analysis
0.31% of Zambia population was suffering from cancer i.e. 21341 people (average of years 2011-2016). Highest number of cancer patients deaths were recorded due to Cervical cancer (Count : 1236) and Prostate cancer was also concerning with 1001 deaths in a year. In last few years it has been observed that, people suffering from Stomach cancer have 8% of survival chance.Zambia was really successful in diagnosing Kidney cancer where 90% of people were cured.Highest number of cancer patients i.e. 8169 people were of age group 50-69 year olds.In 2016, 6653 were suffering from Cervical cancer out of which 1236 people were dead. This means 18.58% death rate of people suffering from Cervical cancer. This below data represents major cancer types in Zambia and number of deaths due to particular cancer types :
- 0.31 % of Zambia population is suffering from cancer
- Highest number of deaths were registered due to Cervical cancer
- Kidney cancer was most cured cancer in Zambia
- Cervical cancer got lowest survival rate
Tables (Appendix)
| Cause of Death | Number of Deaths | % of Total Deaths |
|---|---|---|
| Dementia | 1222 | 0.83% |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 18877 | 12.88% |
| Kidney disease | 1018 | 0.69% |
| Respiratory disease | 2838 | 1.94% |
| Liver disease | 3085 | 2.1% |
| Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease | 4860 | 3.32% |
| Digestive disease | 4005 | 2.73% |
| Hepatitis | 599 | 0.41% |
| Cancers | 10147 | 6.92% |
| Parkinson's disease | 88 | 0.06% |
| Fire | 805 | 0.55% |
| Malaria | 5208 | 3.55% |
| Drowning | 969 | 0.66% |
| Homicide | 1500 | 1.02% |
| HIV/AIDS | 25188 | 17.18% |
| Drug disorder | 35 | 0.02% |
| Tuberculosis | 12110 | 8.26% |
| Road incidents | 2642 | 1.8% |
| Maternal deaths | 1174 | 0.8% |
| Neonatal deaths | 11412 | 7.78% |
| Alcohol disorder | 228 | 0.16% |
| Natural disasters | 0 | 0% |
| Diarrheal diseases | 9581 | 6.54% |
| Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease | 4860 | 3.32% |
| Nutritional deficiencies | 5083 | 3.47% |
| Malaria | 5208 | 3.55% |
| Diarrheal diseases | 9581 | 6.54% |
| Cancers | 10147 | 6.92% |
| Neonatal deaths | 11412 | 7.78% |
| Tuberculosis | 12110 | 8.26% |
| Lower respiratory infections | 13271.6279407 | 9.05% |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 18877 | 12.88% |
| HIV/AIDS | 25188 | 17.18% |