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Tanzania Health

Last Update: This Article was Last updated on | Published by : | Category : Tanzania

CONTENT


Causes of death across Tanzania are changing because of Population Increase, Life Expectancy rise and Living Standard.On this below article we provide graphical representation of major causes of death in Tanzania.

Highlights of Tanzania BMI and Diet Compositions

Comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Data was analyzed by The Global Graph and is published in these below Highlights, Graphs and Tables (Data Quality & definitions)

  • As per United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), average person in Tanzania gets their caloric supply from :
    • Carbohydrates : 89.44%89.44%
    • Fat : 23.78%23.78%
    • Plant protein : 10.90%10.90%
    • Animal protein : 2.34%2.34%
  • 26.46% increase in caloric supply : Currently Tanzania gets 2208/kilocalories per person per day worth of caloric supply when compared to 1746/kilocalories per person per day in Year 1961
  • Cereals & Grains, Oils & Fats and Starchy Roots are three major diet compositions in Tanzania
  • Maize, Rice and Wheat are three major Cereal preferences in Tanzania
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on vegetable intake is to range between 200-250g per day and in Tanzania average intake is 124.60 grams
  • Bananas, Plantains and Oranges & Mandarines are three major Fruit Types Intake in Tanzania
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) typically set a guideline of 200g Fruit Intake per day and in Tanzania average Fruit intake is 212.00grams
  • In Tanzania, average male height is in the decreasing trend and female height is in decreasing trend
  • 24.50% of population is suffering from obesity and this trend is continously increasing from last few years
  • Average Male BMI in Tanzania is in the range of normal and Average Female BMI is in range of normal (BMI = Body Mass Index - The WHO define a BMI <=18.5 as 'underweight'; 18.5 to 25 as 'normal/healthy'; 25.0 to 30.0 as 'obese')


Breakdown of the average per capita intake of cereals by specific cereal-based commodity types, measured in kilocalories per person per day. This figure measures the primary equivalent of all food products derived from a given commodity (e.g. "wheat" represents the primary equivalent of its derived products). Data refers to cereal food supply at the consumer level but does not account for consumer wastage in

Cereal Preferences in Tanzania
RankCerealskcal/capita/day
1Maize523
2Rice204
3Wheat121
4Sorghum66
5Oats0

This below table shows the Diet Compositions (Average per capita dietary energy supply by commodity groups, measured in kilocalories per person per day) in Tanzania

Diet Compositions in Tanzania
RankTypekilocalories per person per day
1Cereals & Grains943
2Oils & Fats320
3Starchy Roots306
4Pulses192
5Fruits & Vegetables148
6Sugar107
7Alcoholic Beverages62
8Dairy & Eggs61
9Meat60
10Other9

Major Cause of Death


Cardiovascular diseases was a major cause of death in Tanzania with 57112 registered deaths (in year 2016) i.e. 15% of total deaths. Overall Cardiovascular diseases, HIV/AIDS and Lower respiratory infections were the highest types of death causes in Tanzania.
    Major Cause of Death in Tanzania
  • We see the maximum number of deaths is seen in age group Under-5 with 108478 deaths (year 2016).
  • 32.97% kids below age 5 years die because of Neonatal disorders.
  • HIV/AIDS, Diarrheal diseases and Lower respiratory infections are the major cause of death in kids aged 5 - 14 years.
  • HIV/AIDS, Cancers and Tuberculosis are the major cause of death in people aged 14 - 49 years.
  • Cardiovascular diseases, Cancers and Diarrheal diseases are the major cause of death in people aged over 50 years.
  • Overall, it's observed that 26% of people aging over 50 years die because of Cardiovascular diseases.
Read more about Cardiovascular diseases

Major Cause of Deaths in Tanzania (and it's count) Number of Deaths in Tanzania - Age wise (only due to Major diseases)

Major Risk Factors of Death


  • Three Major factors of death in Tanzania are Unsafe sex, High blood pressure and Household air pollution. Every year around 19279 people die due to Unsafe sex.
  • Child wasting and Low birth weight are the major risk factor of kids death aging under 5 years.
  • Unsafe water source and Poor sanitation are the major risk factors of death of people aging between 5 to 14 years.
  • Unsafe sex, Alcohol use and Unsafe water source are the death risk factors of people aging between 15 to 49 years.
  • High blood pressure, Household air pollution and Alcohol use are the major death risk factors of people aging between 50 to 69 years.
  • High blood pressure is the major death risk factors for people aging more than 70 years.


Major Cause of Deaths in Tanzania (and it's count)

Cancer Analysis


0.26% of Tanzania population was suffering from cancer i.e. 63656 people (average of years 2011-2016). Highest number of cancer patients deaths were recorded due to Prostate cancer (Count : 3732) and Cervical cancer was also concerning with 3598 deaths in a year. In last few years it has been observed that, people suffering from Stomach cancer have 7% of survival chance.Tanzania was really successful in diagnosing Kidney cancer where 89% of people were cured.Highest number of cancer patients i.e. 25572 people were of age group 50-69 year olds.In 2016, 11291 were suffering from Prostate cancer out of which 3732 people were dead. This means 33.05% death rate of people suffering from Prostate cancer. This below data represents major cancer types in Tanzania and number of deaths due to particular cancer types :

    Highlights of Cancer in Tanzania :
  • 0.26 % of Tanzania population is suffering from cancer
  • Highest number of deaths were registered due to Prostate cancer
  • Kidney cancer was most cured cancer in Tanzania
  • Prostate cancer got lowest survival rate
Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Tanzania

Tables (Appendix)


Major Cause of Deaths in Tanzania (and it's count)
Cause of Death Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Dementia 4728 1.27%
Cardiovascular diseases 57112 15.35%
Kidney disease 2733 0.73%
Respiratory disease 7549 2.03%
Liver disease 6680 1.8%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 14193 3.82%
Digestive disease 9045 2.43%
Hepatitis 1466 0.39%
Cancers 32183 8.65%
Parkinson's disease 353 0.09%
Fire 2263 0.61%
Malaria 16039 4.31%
Drowning 2486 0.67%
Homicide 4357 1.17%
HIV/AIDS 42505 11.43%
Drug disorder 91 0.02%
Tuberculosis 15726 4.23%
Road incidents 6738 1.81%
Maternal deaths 7091 1.91%
Neonatal deaths 34531 9.28%
Alcohol disorder 605 0.16%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 26794 7.2%
Nutritional deficiencies 12784 3.44%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 14193 3.82%
Tuberculosis 15726 4.23%
Malaria 16039 4.31%
Diarrheal diseases 26794 7.2%
Cancers 32183 8.65%
Neonatal deaths 34531 9.28%
Lower respiratory infections 38831.3615629 10.44%
HIV/AIDS 42505 11.43%
Cardiovascular diseases 57112 15.35%


Tanzania - Cause of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Homicide 340 0.32%
Lower respiratory infections 7951 7.59%
Malaria 8125 7.76%
Nutritional deficiencies 0 0%
Protein-energy malnutrition 45 0.04%
Neonatal infections 5857 5.59%
Diarrheal diseases 0 0%
Congenital birth defects 34531 32.97%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 575 0.55%
HIV/AIDS 810 0.77%
Tuberculosis 1389 1.33%
Digestive diseases 601 0.57%
Fire 11093 10.59%
Drowning 705 0.67%
Cancers 582 0.56%
Road accidents 128 0.12%
Cardiovascular disease 801 0.76%
Measles 1435 1.37%
Homicide 77 0.07%
Hepatitis 124 0.12%
Kidney disease 520 0.5%
Liver disease 3473 3.32%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 18786 17.93%
Drug use disorders 382 0.36%
Natural disasters 6419 6.13%


Tanzania - Cause of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 98 0.78%
Homicide 207 1.64%
Nutritional deficiencies 491 3.89%
Protein-energy malnutrition 474 3.75%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 15 0.12%
Diarrheal diseases 1867 14.79%
Road accidents 609 4.82%
Tuberculosis 232 1.84%
HIV/AIDS 3085 24.44%
Drowning 510 4.04%
Malaria 1258 9.97%
Fire 198 1.57%
Cancers 975 7.72%
Hepatitis 64 0.51%
Digestive diseases 270 2.14%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 249 1.97%
Liver disease 83 0.66%
Respiratory disease 114 0.9%
Kidney disease 59 0.47%
Cardiovascular disease 256 2.03%
Lower respiratory infections 1510 11.96%


Tanzania - Cause of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 1520 1.76%
Homicide 3429 3.96%
Nutritional deficiencies 959 1.11%
Protein-energy malnutrition 687 0.79%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 68 0.08%
Diarrheal diseases 5836 6.74%
Road accidents 3256 3.76%
Tuberculosis 6904 7.98%
HIV/AIDS 33416 38.6%
Drowning 824 0.95%
Malaria 1875 2.17%
Fire 455 0.53%
Cancers 7833 9.05%
Hepatitis 621 0.72%
Digestive diseases 2078 2.4%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 2659 3.07%
Liver disease 2122 2.45%
Respiratory disease 941 1.09%
Kidney disease 677 0.78%
Cardiovascular disease 6269 7.24%
Drug disorder 74 0.09%
Alcohol disorder 231 0.27%
Parkinson's disease 5 0.01%
Dementia 9 0.01%
Lower respiratory infections 3820 4.41%


Tanzania - Cause of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 908 1.25%
Homicide 316 0.44%
Nutritional deficiencies 1154 1.59%
Protein-energy malnutrition 918 1.27%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 23 0.03%
Diarrheal diseases 5567 7.68%
Road accidents 1364 1.88%
Tuberculosis 4681 6.46%
HIV/AIDS 4337 5.99%
Drowning 291 0.4%
Malaria 1034 1.43%
Fire 421 0.58%
Cancers 13015 17.96%
Hepatitis 361 0.5%
Digestive diseases 2479 3.42%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 4357 6.01%
Liver disease 2701 3.73%
Respiratory disease 2455 3.39%
Kidney disease 745 1.03%
Cardiovascular diseases 19169 26.45%
Dementia 401 0.55%
Parkinson's disease 33 0.05%
Drug disorder 8 0.01%
Alcohol disorder 222 0.31%
Lower respiratory infections 5502 7.59%


Tanzania - Cause of Death in Age : 70 + years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 596 0.67%
Homicide 65 0.07%
Nutritional deficiencies 2056 2.32%
Protein-energy malnutrition 1701 1.92%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 39 0.04%
Diarrheal diseases 7667 8.67%
Road accidents 934 1.06%
Tuberculosis 3098 3.5%
HIV/AIDS 279 0.32%
Drowning 261 0.3%
Malaria 780 0.88%
Fire 484 0.55%
Cancers 9778 11.06%
Hepatitis 293 0.33%
Digestive diseases 3418 3.86%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 5492 6.21%
Liver disease 1697 1.92%
Respiratory disease 3769 4.26%
Kidney disease 1128 1.28%
Cardiovascular disease 30899 34.94%
Parkinson's disease 315 0.36%
Dementia 4319 4.88%
Drug use disorders 9 0.01%
Alcohol use disorders 152 0.17%
Lower respiratory infections 9214 10.42%


Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Tanzania
Major Risk Factors Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Unsafe water source 19279 6.12%
Poor sanitation 16509 5.24%
No access to handwashing facility 17293 5.49%
Household air pollution 33024 10.48%
Outdoor air pollution 14314 4.54%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 2336 0.74%
Discontinued breastfeeding 105 0.03%
Child wasting 22596 7.17%
Child stunting 3197 1.01%
Low birth weight 12214 3.88%
Secondhand smoke 4109 1.3%
Alcohol use 21412 6.79%
Drug use 1609 0.51%
Diet low in fruits 6681 2.12%
Diet low in vegetables 6818 2.16%
Unsafe sex 39826 12.64%
Low physical activity 2721 0.86%
High blood sugar 14936 4.74%
High cholesterol 11172 3.54%
High body-mass index (obesity) 13253 4.21%
High blood pressure 34772 11.03%
Smoking 13196 4.19%
Iron deficiency 517 0.16%
Zinc deficiency 442 0.14%
Vitamin-A deficiency 587 0.19%
Low bone mineral density 2241 0.71%


Tanzania - Risk of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Discontinued breastfeeding 105 0.15%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 2336 3.44%
Child stunting 3197 4.7%
Low birth weight 12214 17.97%
Drug use 0 0%
No access to handwashing facility 5284 7.78%
Secondhand smoke 1590 2.34%
Poor sanitation 3609 5.31%
Unsafe water source 4223 6.21%
Household air pollution 9236 13.59%
Outdoor air pollution 3540 5.21%
High body-mass index (obesity) 14 0.02%
High blood pressure 3 0%
High blood sugar 9 0.01%
Child wasting 22596 33.25%
Iron deficiency 2 0%


Tanzania - Risk of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Drug use 0 0%
Alcohol use 4 0.07%
No access to handwashing facility 1029 17.4%
Unsafe water source 1343 22.71%
Unsafe sex 660 11.16%
Iron deficiency 509 8.61%
Secondhand smoke 133 2.25%
Household air pollution 762 12.89%
Outdoor air pollution 285 4.82%
High body-mass index (obesity) 8 0.14%
High blood sugar 24 0.41%
High blood pressure 4 0.07%
Poor sanitation 1150 19.45%
Iron deficiency 2 0.03%


Tanzania - Risk of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 509 0.7%
Low bone mineral density 81 0.11%
Drug use 1118 1.53%
Alcohol use 8107 11.08%
No access to handwashing facility 3090 4.22%
Unsafe water source 4191 5.73%
Poor sanitation 3595 4.91%
Smoking 2631 3.59%
Secondhand smoke 384 0.52%
Low physical activity 163 0.22%
Diet low in fruits 1222 1.67%
Diet low in vegetables 1062 1.45%
Unsafe sex 32016 43.74%
High body-mass index (obesity) 2582 3.53%
Household air pollution 3625 4.95%
Outdoor air pollution 1654 2.26%
High total cholesterol 1646 2.25%
High blood pressure 3772 5.15%
High blood sugar 1740 2.38%


Tanzania - Risk of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 4 0%
Low bone mineral density 454 0.56%
Drug use 419 0.51%
Alcohol use 8070 9.91%
No access to handwashing facility 3218 3.95%
Poor sanitation 3430 4.21%
Unsafe sex 6125 7.52%
Smoking 6343 7.79%
Secondhand smoke 828 1.02%
Unsafe water source 4004 4.92%
Diet low in vegetables 2763 3.39%
Diet low in fruits 2865 3.52%
Low physical activity 837 1.03%
Outdoor air pollution 3868 4.75%
Household air pollution 8311 10.21%
High body-mass index (obesity) 6493 7.98%
High blood sugar 5511 6.77%
High total cholesterol 4502 5.53%
High blood pressure 13368 16.42%


Tanzania - Risk of Death in Age : 70+ years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 1 0%
Low bone mineral density 1705 1.98%
Drug use 71 0.08%
Alcohol use 5230 6.07%
Smoking 4221 4.9%
Secondhand smoke 1174 1.36%
Household air pollution 11091 12.87%
Outdoor air pollution 4967 5.76%
No access to handwashing facility 4672 5.42%
Poor sanitation 4724 5.48%
Unsafe water source 5518 6.4%
Unsafe sex 1026 1.19%
Low physical activity 1722 2%
Diet low in vegetables 2993 3.47%
Diet low in fruits 2594 3.01%
High cholesterol 5025 5.83%
High blood pressure 17625 20.45%
High blood sugar 7653 8.88%
High body-mass index (obesity) 4156 4.82%


Tanzania - Number of Deaths by Cancer Type
Cancer Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Liver cancer Patients : 2078 | Deaths : 620 29.84%
Breast cancer Patients : 7559 | Deaths : 1601 21.18%
Larynx cancer Patients : 796 | Deaths : 344 43.22%
Kidney cancer Patients : 2656 | Deaths : 288 10.84%
Thyroid cancer Patients : 1918 | Deaths : 373 19.45%
Ovarian cancer Patients : 3238 | Deaths : 993 30.67%
Stomach cancer Patients : 1824 | Deaths : 1690 92.65%
Uterine cancer Patients : 2113 | Deaths : 501 23.71%
Bladder cancer Patients : 1817 | Deaths : 589 32.42%
Cervical cancer Patients : 18785 | Deaths : 3598 19.15%
Prostate cancer Patients : 11291 | Deaths : 3732 33.05%
Testicular cancer Patients : 79 | Deaths : 22 27.85%
Pancreatic cancer Patients : 1024 | Deaths : 577 56.35%
Esophageal cancer Patients : 1158 | Deaths : 828 71.5%
Nasopharynx cancer Patients : 1196 | Deaths : 329 27.51%
Colon & rectum cancer Patients : 4055 | Deaths : 2124 52.38%
Non-melanoma skin cancer Patients : 237 | Deaths : 210 88.61%
Lip & oral cancer Patients : 1891 | Deaths : 418 22.1%
Brain & nervous system cancer Patients : 1524 | Deaths : 775 50.85%
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer Patients : 1265 | Deaths : 259 20.47%
Gallbladder & biliary tract cancer Patients : 327 | Deaths : 141 43.12%


Tanzania - Number of Deaths due to Cancer - Age Wise
Age Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Under-5s 2731 4.29%
5-14 year olds 2042 3.21%
15-49 year olds 19141 30.07%
50-69 year olds 25572 40.17%
70+ year olds 14170 22.26%


Source :
http://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation/gd004/
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/477365-1327525347307/8392086-1327528510568/WDR09_bookweb_1.pdf

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