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Swaziland Health

Last Update: This Article was Last updated on | Published by : | Category : Swaziland

CONTENT


Causes of death across Swaziland are changing because of Population Increase, Life Expectancy rise and Living Standard.On this below article we provide graphical representation of major causes of death in Swaziland.

Highlights of Swaziland BMI and Diet Compositions

Comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Data was analyzed by The Global Graph and is published in these below Highlights, Graphs and Tables (Data Quality & definitions)

  • As per United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), average person in Swaziland gets their caloric supply from :
    • Carbohydrates : 75.30%75.30%
    • Fat : 18.92%18.92%
    • Plant protein : 7.38%7.38%
    • Animal protein : 3.16%3.16%
  • 4.77% increase in caloric supply : Currently Swaziland gets 2329/kilocalories per person per day worth of caloric supply when compared to 2223/kilocalories per person per day in Year 1961
  • Cereals & Grains, Sugar and Oils & Fats are three major diet compositions in Swaziland
  • Maize, Wheat and Rice are three major Cereal preferences in Swaziland
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on vegetable intake is to range between 200-250g per day and in Swaziland average intake is 57.51 grams
  • Oranges & Mandarines, Grapefruit and Pineapples are three major Fruit Types Intake in Swaziland
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) typically set a guideline of 200g Fruit Intake per day and in Swaziland average Fruit intake is 241.70grams
  • In Swaziland, average male height is in the decreasing trend and female height is in decreasing trend
  • 33.00% of population is suffering from obesity and this trend is continously increasing from last few years
  • Average Male BMI in Swaziland is in the range of normal and Average Female BMI is in range of obese (BMI = Body Mass Index - The WHO define a BMI <=18.5 as 'underweight'; 18.5 to 25 as 'normal/healthy'; 25.0 to 30.0 as 'obese')


Breakdown of the average per capita intake of cereals by specific cereal-based commodity types, measured in kilocalories per person per day. This figure measures the primary equivalent of all food products derived from a given commodity (e.g. "wheat" represents the primary equivalent of its derived products). Data refers to cereal food supply at the consumer level but does not account for consumer wastage in

Cereal Preferences in Swaziland
RankCerealskcal/capita/day
1Maize642
2Wheat313
3Rice208
4Oats1
6Rye0

This below table shows the Diet Compositions (Average per capita dietary energy supply by commodity groups, measured in kilocalories per person per day) in Swaziland

Diet Compositions in Swaziland
RankTypekilocalories per person per day
1Cereals & Grains1166
2Sugar347
3Oils & Fats202
4Starchy Roots136
5Meat129
6Dairy & Eggs111
7Fruits & Vegetables96
8Alcoholic Beverages84
9Pulses35
10Other23

Major Cause of Death


HIV/AIDS was a major cause of death in Swaziland with 4199 registered deaths (in year 2016) i.e. 32% of total deaths. Overall HIV/AIDS, Cardiovascular diseases and Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease were the highest types of death causes in Swaziland.
    Major Cause of Death in Swaziland
  • We see the maximum number of deaths is seen in age group 15-49 with 5710 deaths (year 2016).
  • 29.5% kids below age 5 years die because of Neonatal disorders.
  • HIV/AIDS, Road accidents and Diarrheal diseases are the major cause of death in kids aged 5 - 14 years.
  • HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Road accidents are the major cause of death in people aged 14 - 49 years.
  • Cardiovascular diseases, HIV/AIDS and Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases are the major cause of death in people aged over 50 years.
  • Overall, it's observed that 22% of people aging over 50 years die because of Cardiovascular diseases.
Read more about Cardiovascular diseases

Major Cause of Deaths in Swaziland (and it's count) Number of Deaths in Swaziland - Age wise (only due to Major diseases)

Major Risk Factors of Death


  • Three Major factors of death in Swaziland are Unsafe sex, High blood sugar and High blood pressure. Every year around 593 people die due to Unsafe sex.
  • Child wasting and Unsafe water source are the major risk factor of kids death aging under 5 years.
  • Unsafe sex and Unsafe water source are the major risk factors of death of people aging between 5 to 14 years.
  • Unsafe sex, Alcohol use and High blood sugar are the death risk factors of people aging between 15 to 49 years.
  • High blood sugar, High body-mass index (obesity) and Unsafe sex are the major death risk factors of people aging between 50 to 69 years.
  • High blood sugar is the major death risk factors for people aging more than 70 years.


Major Cause of Deaths in Swaziland (and it's count)

Cancer Analysis


0.35% of Swaziland population was suffering from cancer i.e. 2143 people (average of years 2011-2016). Highest number of cancer patients deaths were recorded due to Cervical cancer (Count : 81) and Esophageal cancer was also concerning with 79 deaths in a year. In last few years it has been observed that, people suffering from Gallbladder & biliary tract cancer have 0% of survival chance.Swaziland was really successful in diagnosing Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer where 94% of people were cured.Highest number of cancer patients i.e. 967 people were of age group 50-69 year olds.In 2016, 617 were suffering from Cervical cancer out of which 81 people were dead. This means 13.13% death rate of people suffering from Cervical cancer. This below data represents major cancer types in Swaziland and number of deaths due to particular cancer types :

    Highlights of Cancer in Swaziland :
  • 0.35 % of Swaziland population is suffering from cancer
  • Highest number of deaths were registered due to Cervical cancer
  • Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer was most cured cancer in Swaziland
  • Cervical cancer got lowest survival rate
Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Swaziland

Tables (Appendix)


Major Cause of Deaths in Swaziland (and it's count)
Cause of Death Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Dementia 86 0.65%
Cardiovascular diseases 1651 12.53%
Kidney disease 155 1.18%
Respiratory disease 424 3.22%
Liver disease 109 0.83%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 1048 7.95%
Digestive disease 159 1.21%
Hepatitis 6 0.05%
Cancers 791 6%
Parkinson's disease 7 0.05%
Fire 60 0.46%
Malaria 0 0%
Drowning 55 0.42%
Homicide 247 1.87%
HIV/AIDS 4199 31.87%
Drug disorder 25 0.19%
Tuberculosis 837 6.35%
Road incidents 425 3.23%
Maternal deaths 36 0.27%
Neonatal deaths 636 4.83%
Alcohol disorder 17 0.13%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 838 6.36%
Respiratory disease 424 3.22%
Road incidents 425 3.23%
Neonatal deaths 636 4.83%
Cancers 791 6%
Tuberculosis 837 6.35%
Diarrheal diseases 838 6.36%
Lower respiratory infections 899.796735104 6.83%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 1048 7.95%
Cardiovascular diseases 1651 12.53%
HIV/AIDS 4199 31.87%


Swaziland - Cause of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Homicide 8 0.37%
Diarrheal diseases 72 3.34%
Lower respiratory infections 74 3.43%
HIV/AIDS 0 0%
Congenital birth defects 1 0.05%
Nutritional deficiencies 534 24.77%
Protein-energy malnutrition 0 0%
Neonatal infections 636 29.5%
Tuberculosis 29 1.35%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 57 2.64%
Road accidents 107 4.96%
Measles 9 0.42%
Cardiovascular disease 0 0%
Digestive diseases 10 0.46%
Fire 8 0.37%
Drowning 1 0.05%
Homicide 11 0.51%
Cancers 30 1.39%
Kidney disease 1 0.05%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 3 0.14%
Liver disease 11 0.51%
Hepatitis 87 4.04%
Malaria 398 18.46%
Drug use disorders 11 0.51%
Natural disasters 58 2.69%


Swaziland - Cause of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 1 0.35%
Homicide 8 2.79%
Nutritional deficiencies 2 0.7%
Protein-energy malnutrition 2 0.7%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 1 0.35%
Diarrheal diseases 34 11.85%
Road accidents 41 14.29%
Tuberculosis 21 7.32%
HIV/AIDS 105 36.59%
Drowning 10 3.48%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 4 1.39%
Cancers 11 3.83%
Hepatitis 0 0%
Digestive diseases 4 1.39%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 7 2.44%
Liver disease 1 0.35%
Respiratory disease 4 1.39%
Kidney disease 2 0.7%
Cardiovascular disease 6 2.09%
Lower respiratory infections 23 8.01%


Swaziland - Cause of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 145 2.64%
Homicide 213 3.88%
Nutritional deficiencies 6 0.11%
Protein-energy malnutrition 5 0.09%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 7 0.13%
Diarrheal diseases 109 1.99%
Road accidents 276 5.03%
Tuberculosis 347 6.32%
HIV/AIDS 3515 64.03%
Drowning 27 0.49%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 28 0.51%
Cancers 145 2.64%
Hepatitis 3 0.05%
Digestive diseases 43 0.78%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 183 3.33%
Liver disease 33 0.6%
Respiratory disease 42 0.77%
Kidney disease 32 0.58%
Cardiovascular disease 153 2.79%
Drug disorder 22 0.4%
Alcohol disorder 7 0.13%
Parkinson's disease 0 0%
Dementia 0 0%
Lower respiratory infections 149 2.71%


Swaziland - Cause of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 30 1.07%
Homicide 15 0.54%
Nutritional deficiencies 6 0.21%
Protein-energy malnutrition 4 0.14%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 3 0.11%
Diarrheal diseases 69 2.46%
Road accidents 57 2.03%
Tuberculosis 280 10%
HIV/AIDS 437 15.6%
Drowning 7 0.25%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 10 0.36%
Cancers 361 12.89%
Hepatitis 2 0.07%
Digestive diseases 48 1.71%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 434 15.49%
Liver disease 51 1.82%
Respiratory disease 138 4.93%
Kidney disease 55 1.96%
Cardiovascular diseases 611 21.81%
Dementia 9 0.32%
Parkinson's disease 1 0.04%
Drug disorder 2 0.07%
Alcohol disorder 9 0.32%
Lower respiratory infections 162 5.78%


Swaziland - Cause of Death in Age : 70 + years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 9 0.36%
Homicide 3 0.12%
Nutritional deficiencies 7 0.28%
Protein-energy malnutrition 4 0.16%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 1 0.04%
Diarrheal diseases 92 3.72%
Road accidents 21 0.85%
Tuberculosis 132 5.34%
HIV/AIDS 34 1.38%
Drowning 2 0.08%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 7 0.28%
Cancers 266 10.76%
Hepatitis 1 0.04%
Digestive diseases 53 2.14%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 395 15.98%
Liver disease 22 0.89%
Respiratory disease 235 9.51%
Kidney disease 63 2.55%
Cardiovascular disease 870 35.19%
Parkinson's disease 6 0.24%
Dementia 77 3.11%
Drug use disorders 1 0.04%
Alcohol use disorders 2 0.08%
Lower respiratory infections 169 6.84%


Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Swaziland
Major Risk Factors Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Unsafe water source 593 4.3%
Poor sanitation 512 3.71%
No access to handwashing facility 385 2.79%
Household air pollution 455 3.3%
Outdoor air pollution 425 3.08%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 161 1.17%
Discontinued breastfeeding 18 0.13%
Child wasting 506 3.67%
Child stunting 108 0.78%
Low birth weight 279 2.02%
Secondhand smoke 87 0.63%
Alcohol use 726 5.26%
Drug use 108 0.78%
Diet low in fruits 289 2.09%
Diet low in vegetables 223 1.62%
Unsafe sex 4003 29%
Low physical activity 135 0.98%
High blood sugar 1510 10.94%
High cholesterol 240 1.74%
High body-mass index (obesity) 1148 8.32%
High blood pressure 1152 8.34%
Smoking 652 4.72%
Iron deficiency 1 0.01%
Zinc deficiency 11 0.08%
Vitamin-A deficiency 51 0.37%
Low bone mineral density 27 0.2%


Swaziland - Risk of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Discontinued breastfeeding 18 0.82%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 161 7.33%
Child stunting 108 4.92%
Low birth weight 279 12.7%
Drug use 0 0%
No access to handwashing facility 227 10.33%
Secondhand smoke 18 0.82%
Poor sanitation 326 14.84%
Unsafe water source 377 17.16%
Household air pollution 98 4.46%
Outdoor air pollution 78 3.55%
High body-mass index (obesity) 0 0%
High blood pressure 0 0%
High blood sugar 1 0.05%
Child wasting 506 23.03%
Iron deficiency 0 0%


Swaziland - Risk of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Drug use 0 0%
Alcohol use 0 0%
No access to handwashing facility 14 14%
Unsafe water source 24 24%
Unsafe sex 27 27%
Iron deficiency 1 1%
Secondhand smoke 1 1%
Household air pollution 6 6%
Outdoor air pollution 5 5%
High body-mass index (obesity) 0 0%
High blood sugar 1 1%
High blood pressure 0 0%
Poor sanitation 21 21%
Iron deficiency 0 0%


Swaziland - Risk of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 1 0.02%
Low bone mineral density 4 0.08%
Drug use 89 1.85%
Alcohol use 337 7%
No access to handwashing facility 53 1.1%
Unsafe water source 77 1.6%
Poor sanitation 66 1.37%
Smoking 97 2.01%
Secondhand smoke 9 0.19%
Low physical activity 9 0.19%
Diet low in fruits 44 0.91%
Diet low in vegetables 29 0.6%
Unsafe sex 3449 71.63%
High body-mass index (obesity) 154 3.2%
Household air pollution 60 1.25%
Outdoor air pollution 54 1.12%
High total cholesterol 28 0.58%
High blood pressure 94 1.95%
High blood sugar 161 3.34%


Swaziland - Risk of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 10 0.27%
Drug use 16 0.44%
Alcohol use 294 8.01%
No access to handwashing facility 41 1.12%
Poor sanitation 42 1.14%
Unsafe sex 472 12.86%
Smoking 323 8.8%
Secondhand smoke 26 0.71%
Unsafe water source 49 1.34%
Diet low in vegetables 98 2.67%
Diet low in fruits 139 3.79%
Low physical activity 48 1.31%
Outdoor air pollution 136 3.71%
Household air pollution 138 3.76%
High body-mass index (obesity) 592 16.13%
High blood sugar 681 18.56%
High total cholesterol 102 2.78%
High blood pressure 463 12.62%


Swaziland - Risk of Death in Age : 70+ years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 13 0.44%
Drug use 4 0.14%
Alcohol use 95 3.21%
Smoking 232 7.84%
Secondhand smoke 32 1.08%
Household air pollution 153 5.17%
Outdoor air pollution 152 5.13%
No access to handwashing facility 50 1.69%
Poor sanitation 56 1.89%
Unsafe water source 65 2.2%
Unsafe sex 55 1.86%
Low physical activity 78 2.63%
Diet low in vegetables 96 3.24%
Diet low in fruits 106 3.58%
High cholesterol 110 3.71%
High blood pressure 595 20.09%
High blood sugar 667 22.53%
High body-mass index (obesity) 402 13.58%


Swaziland - Number of Deaths by Cancer Type
Cancer Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Liver cancer Patients : 42 | Deaths : 19 45.24%
Breast cancer Patients : 411 | Deaths : 52 12.65%
Larynx cancer Patients : 44 | Deaths : 13 29.55%
Kidney cancer Patients : 84 | Deaths : 7 8.33%
Thyroid cancer Patients : 26 | Deaths : 3 11.54%
Ovarian cancer Patients : 58 | Deaths : 12 20.69%
Stomach cancer Patients : 50 | Deaths : 38 76%
Uterine cancer Patients : 57 | Deaths : 8 14.04%
Bladder cancer Patients : 66 | Deaths : 12 18.18%
Cervical cancer Patients : 617 | Deaths : 81 13.13%
Prostate cancer Patients : 296 | Deaths : 61 20.61%
Testicular cancer Patients : 8 | Deaths : 1 12.5%
Pancreatic cancer Patients : 27 | Deaths : 19 70.37%
Esophageal cancer Patients : 81 | Deaths : 79 97.53%
Nasopharynx cancer Patients : 17 | Deaths : 4 23.53%
Colon & rectum cancer Patients : 157 | Deaths : 49 31.21%
Non-melanoma skin cancer Patients : 26 | Deaths : 16 61.54%
Lip & oral cancer Patients : 118 | Deaths : 19 16.1%
Brain & nervous system cancer Patients : 37 | Deaths : 14 37.84%
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer Patients : 126 | Deaths : 7 5.56%
Gallbladder & biliary tract cancer Patients : 4 | Deaths : 4 100%


Swaziland - Number of Deaths due to Cancer - Age Wise
Age Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Under-5s 63 2.94%
5-14 year olds 20 0.93%
15-49 year olds 586 27.34%
50-69 year olds 967 45.12%
70+ year olds 507 23.66%


Source :
http://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation/gd004/
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/477365-1327525347307/8392086-1327528510568/WDR09_bookweb_1.pdf

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