South Africa Health

Last Update: This Article was Last updated on | Published by : theglobalgraph.com | Category : South Africa

CONTENT

Major Cause of Death Major Risk Factors of Death Cancer Analysis Tables (Appendix)

Causes of death across South Africa are changing because of Population Increase, Life Expectancy rise and Living Standard.On this below article we provide graphical representation of major causes of death in South Africa.

Highlights of South Africa BMI and Diet Compositions

Comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Data was analyzed by The Global Graph and is published in these below Highlights, Graphs and Tables (Data Quality & definitions)

As per United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), average person in South Africa gets their caloric supply from :

Carbohydrates : 72.19%72.19%
Fat : 28.18%28.18%
Plant protein : 7.33%7.33%
Animal protein : 5.45%5.45%

13.14% increase in caloric supply : Currently South Africa gets 3022/kilocalories per person per day worth of caloric supply when compared to 2671/kilocalories per person per day in Year 1961
Cereals & Grains, Oils & Fats and Meat are three major diet compositions in South Africa
Maize, Wheat and Rice are three major Cereal preferences in South Africa
National and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on vegetable intake is to range between 200-250g per day and in South Africa average intake is 117.92 grams
Apples, Oranges & Mandarines and Bananas are three major Fruit Types Intake in South Africa
National and World Health Organization (WHO) typically set a guideline of 200g Fruit Intake per day and in South Africa average Fruit intake is 104.11grams
In South Africa, average male height is in the decreasing trend and female height is in decreasing trend
51.90% of population is suffering from obesity and this trend is continously increasing from last few years
Average Male BMI in South Africa is in the range of normal and Average Female BMI is in range of obese (BMI = Body Mass Index - The WHO define a BMI <=18.5 as 'underweight'; 18.5 to 25 as 'normal/healthy'; 25.0 to 30.0 as 'obese')

Breakdown of the average per capita intake of cereals by specific cereal-based commodity types, measured in kilocalories per person per day. This figure measures the primary equivalent of all food products derived from a given commodity (e.g. "wheat" represents the primary equivalent of its derived products). Data refers to cereal food supply at the consumer level but does not account for consumer wastage in

Cereal Preferences in South Africa
Rank	Cereals	kcal/capita/day
1	Maize	858
2	Wheat	492
3	Rice	169
4	Sorghum	11
5	Oats	5
6	Barley	1
7	Rye	0

This below table shows the Diet Compositions (Average per capita dietary energy supply by commodity groups, measured in kilocalories per person per day) in South Africa

Diet Compositions in South Africa
Rank	Type	kilocalories per person per day
1	Cereals & Grains	1538
2	Oils & Fats	352
3	Meat	345
4	Sugar	333
5	Alcoholic Beverages	148
6	Dairy & Eggs	113
7	Fruits & Vegetables	80
8	Starchy Roots	63
9	Other	29
10	Pulses	21

Major Cause of Death

HIV/AIDS was a major cause of death in South Africa with 164288 registered deaths (in year 2016) i.e. 31% of total deaths. Overall HIV/AIDS, Cardiovascular diseases and Cancers were the highest types of death causes in South Africa.

Major Cause of Death in South Africa

We see the maximum number of deaths is seen in age group 15-49 with 209672 deaths (year 2016).
38.31% kids below age 5 years die because of HIV/AIDS.
Road accidents, HIV/AIDS and Lower respiratory infections are the major cause of death in kids aged 5 - 14 years.
HIV/AIDS, Homicide and Road accidents are the major cause of death in people aged 14 - 49 years.
HIV/AIDS, Cardiovascular diseases and Cancers are the major cause of death in people aged over 50 years.
Overall, it's observed that 21% of people aging over 50 years die because of HIV/AIDS.

Read more about Cardiovascular diseases

Major Cause of Deaths in South Africa (and it's count)

Number of Deaths in South Africa - Age wise (only due to Major diseases)

Major Risk Factors of Death

Three Major factors of death in South Africa are Unsafe sex, High blood sugar and High blood pressure. Every year around 7671 people die due to Unsafe sex.
Low birth weight and Child wasting are the major risk factor of kids death aging under 5 years.
Unsafe sex and Unsafe water source are the major risk factors of death of people aging between 5 to 14 years.
Unsafe sex, Alcohol use and High body-mass index (obesity) are the death risk factors of people aging between 15 to 49 years.
Unsafe sex, High blood sugar and High body-mass index (obesity) are the major death risk factors of people aging between 50 to 69 years.
High blood pressure is the major death risk factors for people aging more than 70 years.

Cancer Analysis

0.55% of South Africa population was suffering from cancer i.e. 205686 people (average of years 2011-2016). Highest number of cancer patients deaths were recorded due to Cervical cancer (Count : 4396) and Esophageal cancer was also concerning with 4216 deaths in a year. In last few years it has been observed that, people suffering from Esophageal cancer have 5% of survival chance.South Africa was really successful in diagnosing Thyroid cancer where 97% of people were cured.Highest number of cancer patients i.e. 93189 people were of age group 50-69 year olds.In 2016, 41789 were suffering from Cervical cancer out of which 4396 people were dead. This means 10.52% death rate of people suffering from Cervical cancer. This below data represents major cancer types in South Africa and number of deaths due to particular cancer types :

Highlights of Cancer in South Africa :

0.55 % of South Africa population is suffering from cancer
Highest number of deaths were registered due to Cervical cancer
Thyroid cancer was most cured cancer in South Africa
Cervical cancer got lowest survival rate

Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in South Africa

Tables (Appendix)

**Major Cause of Deaths in South Africa (and it's count)**
Cause of Death	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Dementia	8545	1.63%
Cardiovascular diseases	77492	14.75%
Kidney disease	9402	1.79%
Respiratory disease	18263	3.48%
Liver disease	4651	0.89%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease	46244	8.8%
Digestive disease	7218	1.37%
Hepatitis	235	0.04%
Cancers	47286	9%
Parkinson's disease	594	0.11%
Fire	2177	0.41%
Malaria	159	0.03%
Drowning	2083	0.4%
Homicide	19183	3.65%
HIV/AIDS	164288	31.28%
Drug disorder	1044	0.2%
Tuberculosis	22326	4.25%
Road incidents	20339	3.87%
Maternal deaths	2259	0.43%
Neonatal deaths	13765	2.62%
Alcohol disorder	677	0.13%
Natural disasters	0	0%
Diarrheal diseases	12344	2.35%
Neonatal deaths	13765	2.62%
Respiratory disease	18263	3.48%
Homicide	19183	3.65%
Road incidents	20339	3.87%
Tuberculosis	22326	4.25%
Lower respiratory infections	30729.5361945	5.85%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease	46244	8.8%
Cancers	47286	9%
Cardiovascular diseases	77492	14.75%
HIV/AIDS	164288	31.28%

**South Africa - Cause of Death in Age : Under 5 years**
Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Homicide	344	0.73%
Neonatal disorders	851	1.82%
Lower respiratory infections	860	1.83%
Diarrheal diseases	0	0%
Neonatal infections	12	0.03%
Congenital birth defects	2658	5.67%
Nutritional deficiencies	0	0%
Protein-energy malnutrition	13765	29.37%
Road accidents	437	0.93%
Homicide	296	0.63%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease	17954	38.31%
Tuberculosis	113	0.24%
Measles	7	0.01%
Cardiovascular disease	120	0.26%
Fire	116	0.25%
Cancers	6	0.01%
Drowning	106	0.23%
Digestive diseases	314	0.67%
Kidney disease	19	0.04%
Liver disease	34	0.07%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	133	0.28%
Malaria	1564	3.34%
Hepatitis	5360	11.44%
Drug use disorders	199	0.42%
Natural disasters	1601	3.42%

**South Africa - Cause of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years**
Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Suicide	51	0.36%
Homicide	1510	10.58%
Nutritional deficiencies	174	1.22%
Protein-energy malnutrition	156	1.09%
Natural disasters	0	0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	41	0.29%
Diarrheal diseases	939	6.58%
Road accidents	3191	22.35%
Tuberculosis	1015	7.11%
HIV/AIDS	2034	14.25%
Drowning	677	4.74%
Malaria	31	0.22%
Fire	252	1.77%
Cancers	737	5.16%
Hepatitis	15	0.11%
Digestive diseases	236	1.65%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases	633	4.43%
Liver disease	79	0.55%
Respiratory disease	296	2.07%
Kidney disease	169	1.18%
Cardiovascular disease	473	3.31%
Lower respiratory infections	1566	10.97%

**South Africa - Cause of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years**
Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Suicide	5645	2.8%
Homicide	14579	7.24%
Nutritional deficiencies	266	0.13%
Protein-energy malnutrition	194	0.1%
Natural disasters	0	0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	241	0.12%
Diarrheal diseases	2615	1.3%
Road accidents	12476	6.19%
Tuberculosis	9826	4.88%
HIV/AIDS	113890	56.52%
Drowning	923	0.46%
Malaria	87	0.04%
Fire	1022	0.51%
Cancers	8269	4.1%
Hepatitis	111	0.06%
Digestive diseases	1789	0.89%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases	9904	4.92%
Liver disease	1474	0.73%
Respiratory disease	1837	0.91%
Kidney disease	1917	0.95%
Cardiovascular disease	7125	3.54%
Drug disorder	817	0.41%
Alcohol disorder	236	0.12%
Parkinson's disease	7	0%
Dementia	9	0%
Lower respiratory infections	6233	3.09%

**South Africa - Cause of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years**
Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Suicide	1290	0.98%
Homicide	2338	1.77%
Nutritional deficiencies	234	0.18%
Protein-energy malnutrition	175	0.13%
Natural disasters	0	0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	133	0.1%
Diarrheal diseases	2132	1.61%
Road accidents	3242	2.46%
Tuberculosis	7822	5.92%
HIV/AIDS	27406	20.76%
Drowning	303	0.23%
Malaria	25	0.02%
Fire	422	0.32%
Cancers	20927	15.85%
Hepatitis	65	0.05%
Digestive diseases	2196	1.66%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases	17601	13.33%
Liver disease	2170	1.64%
Respiratory disease	5616	4.25%
Kidney disease	3161	2.39%
Cardiovascular diseases	25687	19.46%
Dementia	557	0.42%
Parkinson's disease	59	0.04%
Drug disorder	148	0.11%
Alcohol disorder	381	0.29%
Lower respiratory infections	7939	6.01%

**South Africa - Cause of Death in Age : 70 + years**
Cause Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Suicide	383	0.3%
Homicide	411	0.32%
Nutritional deficiencies	316	0.25%
Protein-energy malnutrition	209	0.16%
Natural disasters	0	0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure)	36	0.03%
Diarrheal diseases	3999	3.1%
Road accidents	993	0.77%
Tuberculosis	3369	2.61%
HIV/AIDS	3004	2.33%
Drowning	67	0.05%
Malaria	8	0.01%
Fire	360	0.28%
Cancers	17237	13.37%
Hepatitis	38	0.03%
Digestive diseases	2891	2.24%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases	17792	13.8%
Liver disease	910	0.71%
Respiratory disease	10451	8.11%
Kidney disease	4120	3.2%
Cardiovascular disease	44075	34.18%
Parkinson's disease	528	0.41%
Dementia	7979	6.19%
Drug use disorders	78	0.06%
Alcohol use disorders	59	0.05%
Lower respiratory infections	9631	7.47%

**Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in South Africa**
Major Risk Factors	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Unsafe water source	7671	1.51%
Poor sanitation	6053	1.2%
No access to handwashing facility	6727	1.33%
Household air pollution	6934	1.37%
Outdoor air pollution	21061	4.16%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding	1346	0.27%
Discontinued breastfeeding	122	0.02%
Child wasting	5350	1.06%
Child stunting	826	0.16%
Low birth weight	6630	1.31%
Secondhand smoke	6244	1.23%
Alcohol use	36478	7.2%
Drug use	4514	0.89%
Diet low in fruits	16081	3.18%
Diet low in vegetables	8731	1.72%
Unsafe sex	145842	28.8%
Low physical activity	6100	1.2%
High blood sugar	59324	11.71%
High cholesterol	14921	2.95%
High body-mass index (obesity)	51140	10.1%
High blood pressure	55707	11%
Smoking	36658	7.24%
Iron deficiency	67	0.01%
Zinc deficiency	112	0.02%
Vitamin-A deficiency	266	0.05%
Low bone mineral density	1547	0.31%

**South Africa - Risk of Death in Age : Under 5 years**
Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Discontinued breastfeeding	122	0.58%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding	1346	6.4%
Child stunting	826	3.92%
Low birth weight	6630	31.5%
Drug use	0	0%
No access to handwashing facility	1343	6.38%
Secondhand smoke	587	2.79%
Poor sanitation	1277	6.07%
Unsafe water source	1646	7.82%
Household air pollution	584	2.78%
Outdoor air pollution	1317	6.26%
High body-mass index (obesity)	5	0.02%
High blood pressure	2	0.01%
High blood sugar	10	0.05%
Child wasting	5350	25.42%
Iron deficiency	0	0%

**South Africa - Risk of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years**
Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Drug use	0	0%
Alcohol use	19	0.6%
No access to handwashing facility	441	14.01%
Unsafe water source	584	18.56%
Unsafe sex	631	20.05%
Iron deficiency	65	2.07%
Secondhand smoke	165	5.24%
Household air pollution	177	5.62%
Outdoor air pollution	406	12.9%
High body-mass index (obesity)	27	0.86%
High blood sugar	149	4.73%
High blood pressure	14	0.44%
Poor sanitation	468	14.87%
Iron deficiency	1	0.03%

**South Africa - Risk of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years**
Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency	65	0.04%
Low bone mineral density	261	0.15%
Drug use	3245	1.9%
Alcohol use	15749	9.22%
No access to handwashing facility	1384	0.81%
Unsafe water source	1610	0.94%
Poor sanitation	1262	0.74%
Smoking	5606	3.28%
Secondhand smoke	759	0.44%
Low physical activity	385	0.23%
Diet low in fruits	2467	1.44%
Diet low in vegetables	1254	0.73%
Unsafe sex	112225	65.69%
High body-mass index (obesity)	7478	4.38%
Household air pollution	1065	0.62%
Outdoor air pollution	3091	1.81%
High total cholesterol	1842	1.08%
High blood pressure	5185	3.04%
High blood sugar	5900	3.45%

**South Africa - Risk of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years**
Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency	1	0%
Low bone mineral density	568	0.34%
Drug use	971	0.59%
Alcohol use	13708	8.27%
No access to handwashing facility	1383	0.83%
Poor sanitation	1029	0.62%
Unsafe sex	28868	17.41%
Smoking	18642	11.24%
Secondhand smoke	1921	1.16%
Unsafe water source	1314	0.79%
Diet low in vegetables	3617	2.18%
Diet low in fruits	7519	4.53%
Low physical activity	1925	1.16%
Outdoor air pollution	7431	4.48%
Household air pollution	2171	1.31%
High body-mass index (obesity)	24284	14.64%
High blood sugar	24297	14.65%
High total cholesterol	5862	3.54%
High blood pressure	20309	12.25%

**South Africa - Risk of Death in Age : 70+ years**
Risk Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency	0	0%
Low bone mineral density	718	0.49%
Drug use	298	0.21%
Alcohol use	7001	4.82%
Smoking	12410	8.54%
Secondhand smoke	2812	1.94%
Household air pollution	2937	2.02%
Outdoor air pollution	8815	6.07%
No access to handwashing facility	2176	1.5%
Poor sanitation	2017	1.39%
Unsafe water source	2516	1.73%
Unsafe sex	4118	2.83%
Low physical activity	3789	2.61%
Diet low in vegetables	3860	2.66%
Diet low in fruits	6094	4.19%
High cholesterol	7218	4.97%
High blood pressure	30195	20.78%
High blood sugar	28969	19.94%
High body-mass index (obesity)	19346	13.32%

**South Africa - Number of Deaths by Cancer Type**
Cancer Type	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Liver cancer	Patients : 2299 \| Deaths : 960	41.76%
Breast cancer	Patients : 49696 \| Deaths : 3917	7.88%
Larynx cancer	Patients : 3334 \| Deaths : 647	19.41%
Kidney cancer	Patients : 5705 \| Deaths : 494	8.66%
Thyroid cancer	Patients : 3935 \| Deaths : 129	3.28%
Ovarian cancer	Patients : 4709 \| Deaths : 922	19.58%
Stomach cancer	Patients : 2749 \| Deaths : 1815	66.02%
Uterine cancer	Patients : 6650 \| Deaths : 446	6.71%
Bladder cancer	Patients : 7819 \| Deaths : 874	11.18%
Cervical cancer	Patients : 41789 \| Deaths : 4396	10.52%
Prostate cancer	Patients : 37821 \| Deaths : 3825	10.11%
Testicular cancer	Patients : 1032 \| Deaths : 58	5.62%
Pancreatic cancer	Patients : 2075 \| Deaths : 1471	70.89%
Esophageal cancer	Patients : 4424 \| Deaths : 4216	95.3%
Nasopharynx cancer	Patients : 864 \| Deaths : 192	22.22%
Colon & rectum cancer	Patients : 17112 \| Deaths : 3327	19.44%
Non-melanoma skin cancer	Patients : 9293 \| Deaths : 888	9.56%
Lip & oral cancer	Patients : 7303 \| Deaths : 1000	13.69%
Brain & nervous system cancer	Patients : 2129 \| Deaths : 822	38.61%
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer	Patients : 7793 \| Deaths : 435	5.58%
Gallbladder & biliary tract cancer	Patients : 317 \| Deaths : 234	73.82%

**South Africa - Number of Deaths due to Cancer - Age Wise**
Age	Number of Deaths	% of Total Deaths
Under-5s	2101	1.02%
5-14 year olds	1737	0.84%
15-49 year olds	54856	26.67%
50-69 year olds	93189	45.31%
70+ year olds	53804	26.16%

Source :
http://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation/gd004/
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/477365-1327525347307/8392086-1327528510568/WDR09_bookweb_1.pdf