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Samoa Health

Last Update: This Article was Last updated on | Published by : | Category : Samoa

CONTENT


Causes of death across Samoa are changing because of Population Increase, Life Expectancy rise and Living Standard.On this below article we provide graphical representation of major causes of death in Samoa.

Highlights of Samoa BMI and Diet Compositions

Comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Data was analyzed by The Global Graph and is published in these below Highlights, Graphs and Tables (Data Quality & definitions)

  • As per United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), average person in Samoa gets their caloric supply from :
    • Carbohydrates : 68.01%68.01%
    • Fat : 64.41%64.41%
    • Animal protein : 10.86%10.86%
    • Plant protein : 6.45%6.45%
  • 49.72% increase in caloric supply : Currently Samoa gets 2960/kilocalories per person per day worth of caloric supply when compared to 1977/kilocalories per person per day in Year 1961
  • Oils & Fats, Meat and Cereals & Grains are three major diet compositions in Samoa
  • Wheat, Rice and Maize are three major Cereal preferences in Samoa
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on vegetable intake is to range between 200-250g per day and in Samoa average intake is 66.71 grams
  • Bananas, Pineapples and Apples are three major Fruit Types Intake in Samoa
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) typically set a guideline of 200g Fruit Intake per day and in Samoa average Fruit intake is 551.37grams
  • In Samoa, average male height is in the increasing trend and female height is in decreasing trend
  • 75.10% of population is suffering from obesity and this trend is continously increasing from last few years
  • Average Male BMI in Samoa is in the range of obese and Average Female BMI is in range of obese (BMI = Body Mass Index - The WHO define a BMI <=18.5 as 'underweight'; 18.5 to 25 as 'normal/healthy'; 25.0 to 30.0 as 'obese')


Breakdown of the average per capita intake of cereals by specific cereal-based commodity types, measured in kilocalories per person per day. This figure measures the primary equivalent of all food products derived from a given commodity (e.g. "wheat" represents the primary equivalent of its derived products). Data refers to cereal food supply at the consumer level but does not account for consumer wastage in

Cereal Preferences in Samoa
RankCerealskcal/capita/day
1Wheat450
2Rice62
3Maize3
4Oats1
5Rye0

This below table shows the Diet Compositions (Average per capita dietary energy supply by commodity groups, measured in kilocalories per person per day) in Samoa

Diet Compositions in Samoa
RankTypekilocalories per person per day
1Oils & Fats869
2Meat609
3Cereals & Grains519
4Starchy Roots286
5Sugar260
6Fruits & Vegetables255
7Dairy & Eggs87
8Other50
9Alcoholic Beverages25
10Pulses0

Major Cause of Death


Cardiovascular diseases was a major cause of death in Samoa with 439 registered deaths (in year 2016) i.e. 36% of total deaths. Overall Cardiovascular diseases, Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease and Cancers were the highest types of death causes in Samoa.
    Major Cause of Death in Samoa
  • We see the maximum number of deaths is seen in age group 70+ with 557 deaths (year 2016).
  • 44.9% kids below age 5 years die because of Neonatal disorders.
  • Cancers, Cardiovascular disease and Lower respiratory infections are the major cause of death in kids aged 5 - 14 years.
  • Cardiovascular disease, Cancers and Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases are the major cause of death in people aged 14 - 49 years.
  • Cardiovascular diseases, Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases and Cancers are the major cause of death in people aged over 50 years.
  • Overall, it's observed that 39% of people aging over 50 years die because of Cardiovascular diseases.
Read more about Cardiovascular diseases

Major Cause of Deaths in Samoa (and it's count) Number of Deaths in Samoa - Age wise (only due to Major diseases)

Major Risk Factors of Death


  • Three Major factors of death in Samoa are High blood sugar, High body-mass index (obesity) and High blood pressure. Every year around 3 people die due to High blood sugar.
  • Low birth weight and Child wasting are the major risk factor of kids death aging under 5 years.
  • Household air pollution and Secondhand smoke are the major risk factors of death of people aging between 5 to 14 years.
  • High body-mass index (obesity), High blood sugar and High blood pressure are the death risk factors of people aging between 15 to 49 years.
  • High body-mass index (obesity), High blood sugar and High blood pressure are the major death risk factors of people aging between 50 to 69 years.
  • High blood sugar is the major death risk factors for people aging more than 70 years.


Major Cause of Deaths in Samoa (and it's count)

Cancer Analysis


0.24% of Samoa population was suffering from cancer i.e. 304 people (average of years 2011-2016). Highest number of cancer patients deaths were recorded due to Breast cancer (Count : 17) and Stomach cancer was also concerning with 13 deaths in a year. In last few years it has been observed that, people suffering from Stomach cancer have 13% of survival chance.Samoa was really successful in diagnosing Kidney cancerThyroid cancer where 88% of people were cured.Highest number of cancer patients i.e. 134 people were of age group 50-69 year olds.In 2016, 95 were suffering from Breast cancer out of which 17 people were dead. This means 17.89% death rate of people suffering from Breast cancer. This below data represents major cancer types in Samoa and number of deaths due to particular cancer types :

    Highlights of Cancer in Samoa :
  • 0.24 % of Samoa population is suffering from cancer
  • Highest number of deaths were registered due to Breast cancer
  • Kidney cancerThyroid cancer was most cured cancer in Samoa
  • Breast cancer got lowest survival rate
Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Samoa

Tables (Appendix)


Major Cause of Deaths in Samoa (and it's count)
Cause of Death Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Dementia 50 4.13%
Cardiovascular diseases 439 36.27%
Kidney disease 71 5.87%
Respiratory disease 69 5.7%
Liver disease 24 1.98%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 206 17.02%
Digestive disease 23 1.9%
Hepatitis 1 0.08%
Cancers 133 10.99%
Parkinson's disease 3 0.25%
Fire 3 0.25%
Malaria 0 0%
Drowning 13 1.07%
Homicide 8 0.66%
HIV/AIDS 6 0.5%
Drug disorder 1 0.08%
Tuberculosis 5 0.41%
Road incidents 20 1.65%
Maternal deaths 2 0.17%
Neonatal deaths 22 1.82%
Alcohol disorder 1 0.08%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 6 0.5%
Neonatal deaths 22 1.82%
Digestive disease 23 1.9%
Liver disease 24 1.99%
Dementia 50 4.14%
Lower respiratory infections 64.8091266039 5.36%
Respiratory disease 69 5.71%
Kidney disease 71 5.88%
Cancers 133 11.01%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 206 17.05%
Cardiovascular diseases 439 36.33%


Samoa - Cause of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Homicide 0 0%
Congenital birth defects 1 2.04%
Lower respiratory infections 1 2.04%
Measles 0 0%
Neonatal infections 0 0%
Cardiovascular disease 0 0%
Drowning 0 0%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 22 44.9%
Nutritional deficiencies 1 2.04%
Protein-energy malnutrition 0 0%
Cancers 0 0%
Road accidents 1 2.04%
Diarrheal diseases 0 0%
Digestive diseases 0 0%
Fire 1 2.04%
Kidney disease 0 0%
Homicide 0 0%
HIV/AIDS 1 2.04%
Liver disease 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Tuberculosis 1 2.04%
Hepatitis 8 16.33%
Drug use disorders 6 12.24%
Natural disasters 3 6.12%
3 6.12%


Samoa - Cause of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 0 0%
Homicide 0 0%
Nutritional deficiencies 0 0%
Protein-energy malnutrition 0 0%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 0 0%
Road accidents 1 16.67%
Tuberculosis 0 0%
HIV/AIDS 0 0%
Drowning 1 16.67%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 0 0%
Cancers 1 16.67%
Hepatitis 0 0%
Digestive diseases 0 0%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 1 16.67%
Liver disease 0 0%
Respiratory disease 0 0%
Kidney disease 0 0%
Cardiovascular disease 1 16.67%
Lower respiratory infections 1 16.67%


Samoa - Cause of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 16 8.29%
Homicide 6 3.11%
Nutritional deficiencies 0 0%
Protein-energy malnutrition 0 0%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 1 0.52%
Road accidents 12 6.22%
Tuberculosis 1 0.52%
HIV/AIDS 4 2.07%
Drowning 8 4.15%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 1 0.52%
Cancers 27 13.99%
Hepatitis 0 0%
Digestive diseases 4 2.07%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 23 11.92%
Liver disease 8 4.15%
Respiratory disease 10 5.18%
Kidney disease 9 4.66%
Cardiovascular disease 52 26.94%
Drug disorder 1 0.52%
Alcohol disorder 1 0.52%
Parkinson's disease 0 0%
Dementia 0 0%
Lower respiratory infections 9 4.66%


Samoa - Cause of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 3 0.8%
Homicide 1 0.27%
Nutritional deficiencies 0 0%
Protein-energy malnutrition 0 0%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 1 0.27%
Road accidents 3 0.8%
Tuberculosis 2 0.53%
HIV/AIDS 1 0.27%
Drowning 2 0.53%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 0 0%
Cancers 58 15.38%
Hepatitis 1 0.27%
Digestive diseases 7 1.86%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 74 19.63%
Liver disease 10 2.65%
Respiratory disease 22 5.84%
Kidney disease 23 6.1%
Cardiovascular diseases 148 39.26%
Dementia 4 1.06%
Parkinson's disease 0 0%
Drug disorder 0 0%
Alcohol disorder 0 0%
Lower respiratory infections 17 4.51%


Samoa - Cause of Death in Age : 70 + years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 2 0.34%
Homicide 0 0%
Nutritional deficiencies 4 0.69%
Protein-energy malnutrition 4 0.69%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 4 0.69%
Road accidents 3 0.51%
Tuberculosis 2 0.34%
HIV/AIDS 0 0%
Drowning 1 0.17%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 1 0.17%
Cancers 46 7.89%
Hepatitis 0 0%
Digestive diseases 11 1.89%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 107 18.35%
Liver disease 6 1.03%
Respiratory disease 36 6.17%
Kidney disease 38 6.52%
Cardiovascular disease 237 40.65%
Parkinson's disease 3 0.51%
Dementia 46 7.89%
Drug use disorders 0 0%
Alcohol use disorders 0 0%
Lower respiratory infections 32 5.49%


Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Samoa
Major Risk Factors Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Unsafe water source 3 0.2%
Poor sanitation 1 0.07%
No access to handwashing facility 2 0.13%
Household air pollution 77 5.11%
Outdoor air pollution 10 0.66%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 0 0%
Discontinued breastfeeding 0 0%
Child wasting 4 0.27%
Child stunting 0 0%
Low birth weight 10 0.66%
Secondhand smoke 37 2.46%
Alcohol use 25 1.66%
Drug use 4 0.27%
Diet low in fruits 63 4.18%
Diet low in vegetables 55 3.65%
Unsafe sex 11 0.73%
Low physical activity 37 2.46%
High blood sugar 333 22.11%
High cholesterol 92 6.11%
High body-mass index (obesity) 313 20.78%
High blood pressure 285 18.92%
Smoking 138 9.16%
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Zinc deficiency 0 0%
Vitamin-A deficiency 1 0.07%
Low bone mineral density 5 0.33%


Samoa - Risk of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Discontinued breastfeeding 0 0%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 0 0%
Child stunting 0 0%
Low birth weight 10 58.82%
Drug use 0 0%
No access to handwashing facility 0 0%
Secondhand smoke 1 5.88%
Poor sanitation 0 0%
Unsafe water source 0 0%
Household air pollution 2 11.76%
Outdoor air pollution 0 0%
High body-mass index (obesity) 0 0%
High blood pressure 0 0%
High blood sugar 0 0%
Child wasting 4 23.53%
Iron deficiency 0 0%


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Samoa - Risk of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths


Samoa - Risk of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 0 0%
Drug use 2 0.93%
Alcohol use 13 6.05%
No access to handwashing facility 0 0%
Unsafe water source 0 0%
Poor sanitation 0 0%
Smoking 27 12.56%
Secondhand smoke 3 1.4%
Low physical activity 3 1.4%
Diet low in fruits 12 5.58%
Diet low in vegetables 10 4.65%
Unsafe sex 6 2.79%
High body-mass index (obesity) 46 21.4%
Household air pollution 12 5.58%
Outdoor air pollution 2 0.93%
High total cholesterol 17 7.91%
High blood pressure 30 13.95%
High blood sugar 32 14.88%


Samoa - Risk of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 1 0.17%
Drug use 1 0.17%
Alcohol use 9 1.5%
No access to handwashing facility 1 0.17%
Poor sanitation 0 0%
Unsafe sex 4 0.66%
Smoking 71 11.79%
Secondhand smoke 11 1.83%
Unsafe water source 0 0%
Diet low in vegetables 23 3.82%
Diet low in fruits 28 4.65%
Low physical activity 12 1.99%
Outdoor air pollution 4 0.66%
Household air pollution 28 4.65%
High body-mass index (obesity) 137 22.76%
High blood sugar 126 20.93%
High total cholesterol 39 6.48%
High blood pressure 107 17.77%


Samoa - Risk of Death in Age : 70+ years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 4 0.6%
Drug use 0 0%
Alcohol use 4 0.6%
Smoking 40 5.98%
Secondhand smoke 21 3.14%
Household air pollution 34 5.08%
Outdoor air pollution 4 0.6%
No access to handwashing facility 1 0.15%
Poor sanitation 1 0.15%
Unsafe water source 2 0.3%
Unsafe sex 1 0.15%
Low physical activity 22 3.29%
Diet low in vegetables 22 3.29%
Diet low in fruits 23 3.44%
High cholesterol 37 5.53%
High blood pressure 148 22.12%
High blood sugar 175 26.16%
High body-mass index (obesity) 130 19.43%


Samoa - Number of Deaths by Cancer Type
Cancer Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Liver cancer Patients : 8 | Deaths : 3 37.5%
Breast cancer Patients : 95 | Deaths : 17 17.89%
Larynx cancer Patients : 3 | Deaths : 1 33.33%
Kidney cancer Patients : 8 | Deaths : 1 12.5%
Thyroid cancer Patients : 16 | Deaths : 2 12.5%
Ovarian cancer Patients : 16 | Deaths : 4 25%
Stomach cancer Patients : 15 | Deaths : 13 86.67%
Uterine cancer Patients : 25 | Deaths : 4 16%
Bladder cancer Patients : 10 | Deaths : 2 20%
Cervical cancer Patients : 46 | Deaths : 6 13.04%
Prostate cancer Patients : 33 | Deaths : 9 27.27%
Testicular cancer Patients : 4 | Deaths : 1 25%
Pancreatic cancer Patients : 7 | Deaths : 4 57.14%
Esophageal cancer Patients : 2 | Deaths : 1 50%
Nasopharynx cancer Patients : 8 | Deaths : 2 25%
Colon & rectum cancer Patients : 33 | Deaths : 12 36.36%
Non-melanoma skin cancer Patients : 9 | Deaths : 2 22.22%
Lip & oral cancer Patients : 10 | Deaths : 2 20%
Brain & nervous system cancer Patients : 8 | Deaths : 3 37.5%
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer Patients : 8 | Deaths : 2 25%
Gallbladder & biliary tract cancer Patients : 2 | Deaths : 1 50%


Samoa - Number of Deaths due to Cancer - Age Wise
Age Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Under-5s 3 0.99%
5-14 year olds 2 0.66%
15-49 year olds 81 26.64%
50-69 year olds 134 44.08%
70+ year olds 84 27.63%


Source :
http://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation/gd004/
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/477365-1327525347307/8392086-1327528510568/WDR09_bookweb_1.pdf

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