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Jamaica Health

Last Update: This Article was Last updated on | Published by : | Category : Jamaica

CONTENT


Causes of death across Jamaica are changing because of Population Increase, Life Expectancy rise and Living Standard.On this below article we provide graphical representation of major causes of death in Jamaica.

Highlights of Jamaica BMI and Diet Compositions

Comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Data was analyzed by The Global Graph and is published in these below Highlights, Graphs and Tables (Data Quality & definitions)

  • As per United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), average person in Jamaica gets their caloric supply from :
    • Carbohydrates : 90.46%90.46%
    • Fat : 36.86%36.86%
    • Plant protein : 8.33%8.33%
    • Animal protein : 7.75%7.75%
  • 43.39% increase in caloric supply : Currently Jamaica gets 2746/kilocalories per person per day worth of caloric supply when compared to 1915/kilocalories per person per day in Year 1961
  • Cereals & Grains, Sugar and Oils & Fats are three major diet compositions in Jamaica
  • Wheat, Rice and Maize are three major Cereal preferences in Jamaica
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on vegetable intake is to range between 200-250g per day and in Jamaica average intake is 277.95 grams
  • Oranges & Mandarines, Grapefruit and Bananas are three major Fruit Types Intake in Jamaica
  • National and World Health Organization (WHO) typically set a guideline of 200g Fruit Intake per day and in Jamaica average Fruit intake is 287.04grams
  • In Jamaica, average male height is in the decreasing trend and female height is in decreasing trend
  • 55.00% of population is suffering from obesity and this trend is continously increasing from last few years
  • Average Male BMI in Jamaica is in the range of obese and Average Female BMI is in range of obese (BMI = Body Mass Index - The WHO define a BMI <=18.5 as 'underweight'; 18.5 to 25 as 'normal/healthy'; 25.0 to 30.0 as 'obese')


Breakdown of the average per capita intake of cereals by specific cereal-based commodity types, measured in kilocalories per person per day. This figure measures the primary equivalent of all food products derived from a given commodity (e.g. "wheat" represents the primary equivalent of its derived products). Data refers to cereal food supply at the consumer level but does not account for consumer wastage in

Cereal Preferences in Jamaica
RankCerealskcal/capita/day
1Wheat579
2Rice259
3Maize57
4Oats8
5Barley2
6Rye0

This below table shows the Diet Compositions (Average per capita dietary energy supply by commodity groups, measured in kilocalories per person per day) in Jamaica

Diet Compositions in Jamaica
RankTypekilocalories per person per day
1Cereals & Grains906
2Sugar466
3Oils & Fats384
4Meat268
5Fruits & Vegetables183
7Dairy & Eggs171
8Other92
9Alcoholic Beverages62
10Pulses31

Major Cause of Death


Cardiovascular diseases was a major cause of death in Jamaica with 7156 registered deaths (in year 2016) i.e. 33% of total deaths. Overall Cardiovascular diseases, Cancers and Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease were the highest types of death causes in Jamaica.
    Major Cause of Death in Jamaica
  • We see the maximum number of deaths is seen in age group 70+ with 13327 deaths (year 2016).
  • 51.45% kids below age 5 years die because of Neonatal disorders.
  • Cancers, Road accidents and Homicide are the major cause of death in kids aged 5 - 14 years.
  • Homicide, Cancers and Cardiovascular disease are the major cause of death in people aged 14 - 49 years.
  • Cancers, Cardiovascular diseases and Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases are the major cause of death in people aged over 50 years.
  • Overall, it's observed that 30% of people aging over 50 years die because of Cancers.
Read more about Cardiovascular diseases

Major Cause of Deaths in Jamaica (and it's count) Number of Deaths in Jamaica - Age wise (only due to Major diseases)

Major Risk Factors of Death


  • Three Major factors of death in Jamaica are High blood sugar, High blood pressure and High body-mass index (obesity). Every year around 44 people die due to High blood sugar.
  • Low birth weight and Child wasting are the major risk factor of kids death aging under 5 years.
  • High blood sugar and Iron deficiency are the major risk factors of death of people aging between 5 to 14 years.
  • High body-mass index (obesity), Alcohol use and High blood sugar are the death risk factors of people aging between 15 to 49 years.
  • High blood sugar, High body-mass index (obesity) and High blood pressure are the major death risk factors of people aging between 50 to 69 years.
  • High blood sugar is the major death risk factors for people aging more than 70 years.


Major Cause of Deaths in Jamaica (and it's count)

Cancer Analysis


0.72% of Jamaica population was suffering from cancer i.e. 19141 people (average of years 2011-2016). Highest number of cancer patients deaths were recorded due to Prostate cancer (Count : 794) and Colon & rectum cancer was also concerning with 445 deaths in a year. In last few years it has been observed that, people suffering from Esophageal cancer have 5% of survival chance.Jamaica was really successful in diagnosing Testicular cancer where 94% of people were cured.Highest number of cancer patients i.e. 8077 people were of age group 70+ year olds.In 2016, 5697 were suffering from Prostate cancer out of which 794 people were dead. This means 13.94% death rate of people suffering from Prostate cancer. This below data represents major cancer types in Jamaica and number of deaths due to particular cancer types :

    Highlights of Cancer in Jamaica :
  • 0.72 % of Jamaica population is suffering from cancer
  • Highest number of deaths were registered due to Prostate cancer
  • Testicular cancer was most cured cancer in Jamaica
  • Prostate cancer got lowest survival rate
Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Jamaica

Tables (Appendix)


Major Cause of Deaths in Jamaica (and it's count)
Cause of Death Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Dementia 951 4.33%
Cardiovascular diseases 7156 32.58%
Kidney disease 854 3.89%
Respiratory disease 786 3.58%
Liver disease 232 1.06%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 4138 18.84%
Digestive disease 384 1.75%
Hepatitis 7 0.03%
Cancers 4366 19.88%
Parkinson's disease 81 0.37%
Fire 46 0.21%
Malaria 0 0%
Drowning 35 0.16%
Homicide 665 3.03%
HIV/AIDS 164 0.75%
Drug disorder 12 0.05%
Tuberculosis 15 0.07%
Road incidents 273 1.24%
Maternal deaths 26 0.12%
Neonatal deaths 604 2.75%
Alcohol disorder 12 0.05%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 73 0.33%
Digestive disease 384 1.75%
Neonatal deaths 604 2.75%
Homicide 665 3.03%
Lower respiratory infections 706.700109102 3.22%
Respiratory disease 786 3.58%
Kidney disease 854 3.89%
Dementia 951 4.33%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 4138 18.84%
Cancers 4366 19.88%
Cardiovascular diseases 7156 32.58%


Jamaica - Cause of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Homicide 15 1.28%
Congenital birth defects 26 2.21%
Neonatal infections 26 2.21%
Lower respiratory infections 0 0%
Diabetes, blood and endocrine disease 0 0%
Nutritional deficiencies 22 1.87%
Protein-energy malnutrition 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 604 51.45%
Cardiovascular disease 9 0.77%
Cancers 0 0%
Homicide 1 0.09%
Digestive diseases 3 0.26%
Road accidents 0 0%
Fire 5 0.43%
Kidney disease 21 1.79%
Drowning 0 0%
Liver disease 11 0.94%
HIV/AIDS 29 2.47%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 2 0.17%
Tuberculosis 5 0.43%
Hepatitis 21 1.79%
Drug use disorders 209 17.8%
Measles 68 5.79%
Natural disasters 0 0%
97 8.26%


Jamaica - Cause of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 1 0.76%
Homicide 17 12.88%
Nutritional deficiencies 2 1.52%
Protein-energy malnutrition 2 1.52%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 0 0%
Diarrheal diseases 1 0.76%
Road accidents 20 15.15%
Tuberculosis 0 0%
HIV/AIDS 0 0%
Drowning 4 3.03%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 2 1.52%
Cancers 30 22.73%
Hepatitis 0 0%
Digestive diseases 5 3.79%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 16 12.12%
Liver disease 2 1.52%
Respiratory disease 5 3.79%
Kidney disease 4 3.03%
Cardiovascular disease 13 9.85%
Lower respiratory infections 8 6.06%


Jamaica - Cause of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 55 2.47%
Homicide 498 22.38%
Nutritional deficiencies 7 0.31%
Protein-energy malnutrition 6 0.27%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 2 0.09%
Diarrheal diseases 6 0.27%
Road accidents 136 6.11%
Tuberculosis 4 0.18%
HIV/AIDS 126 5.66%
Drowning 18 0.81%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 8 0.36%
Cancers 471 21.17%
Hepatitis 2 0.09%
Digestive diseases 49 2.2%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 265 11.91%
Liver disease 42 1.89%
Respiratory disease 45 2.02%
Kidney disease 105 4.72%
Cardiovascular disease 324 14.56%
Drug disorder 5 0.22%
Alcohol disorder 4 0.18%
Parkinson's disease 0 0%
Dementia 1 0.04%
Lower respiratory infections 46 2.07%


Jamaica - Cause of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 19 0.37%
Homicide 110 2.15%
Nutritional deficiencies 14 0.27%
Protein-energy malnutrition 13 0.25%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 1 0.02%
Diarrheal diseases 9 0.18%
Road accidents 58 1.13%
Tuberculosis 6 0.12%
HIV/AIDS 33 0.64%
Drowning 7 0.14%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 7 0.14%
Cancers 1542 30.08%
Hepatitis 3 0.06%
Digestive diseases 101 1.97%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 1085 21.16%
Liver disease 93 1.81%
Respiratory disease 176 3.43%
Kidney disease 249 4.86%
Cardiovascular diseases 1448 28.24%
Dementia 42 0.82%
Parkinson's disease 7 0.14%
Drug disorder 3 0.06%
Alcohol disorder 6 0.12%
Lower respiratory infections 95 1.85%


Jamaica - Cause of Death in Age : 70 + years
Cause Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Suicide 10 0.07%
Homicide 25 0.18%
Nutritional deficiencies 71 0.53%
Protein-energy malnutrition 66 0.49%
Natural disasters 0 0%
Heat-related deaths (hot or cold exposure) 2 0.01%
Diarrheal diseases 34 0.25%
Road accidents 50 0.37%
Tuberculosis 5 0.04%
HIV/AIDS 3 0.02%
Drowning 3 0.02%
Malaria 0 0%
Fire 24 0.18%
Cancers 2303 17.03%
Hepatitis 1 0.01%
Digestive diseases 219 1.62%
Diabetes, blood, and endocrine diseases 2742 20.28%
Liver disease 93 0.69%
Respiratory disease 552 4.08%
Kidney disease 492 3.64%
Cardiovascular disease 5350 39.56%
Parkinson's disease 74 0.55%
Dementia 908 6.71%
Drug use disorders 4 0.03%
Alcohol use disorders 2 0.01%
Lower respiratory infections 490 3.62%


Major Risk Factors of Death (count) in Jamaica
Major Risk Factors Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Unsafe water source 44 0.2%
Poor sanitation 34 0.16%
No access to handwashing facility 72 0.33%
Household air pollution 244 1.13%
Outdoor air pollution 802 3.7%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 13 0.06%
Discontinued breastfeeding 1 0%
Child wasting 61 0.28%
Child stunting 4 0.02%
Low birth weight 352 1.63%
Secondhand smoke 316 1.46%
Alcohol use 958 4.42%
Drug use 115 0.53%
Diet low in fruits 684 3.16%
Diet low in vegetables 580 2.68%
Unsafe sex 375 1.73%
Low physical activity 640 2.96%
High blood sugar 5928 27.37%
High cholesterol 1164 5.37%
High body-mass index (obesity) 3070 14.18%
High blood pressure 4315 19.92%
Smoking 1807 8.34%
Iron deficiency 1 0%
Zinc deficiency 1 0%
Vitamin-A deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 76 0.35%


Jamaica - Risk of Death in Age : Under 5 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Discontinued breastfeeding 1 0.2%
Non-exclusive breastfeeding 13 2.66%
Child stunting 4 0.82%
Low birth weight 352 72.13%
Drug use 0 0%
No access to handwashing facility 11 2.25%
Secondhand smoke 8 1.64%
Poor sanitation 10 2.05%
Unsafe water source 13 2.66%
Household air pollution 5 1.02%
Outdoor air pollution 9 1.84%
High body-mass index (obesity) 0 0%
High blood pressure 0 0%
High blood sugar 1 0.2%
Child wasting 61 12.5%
Iron deficiency 0 0%


Jamaica - Risk of Death in Age : 5 - 14 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Drug use 0 0%
Alcohol use 0 0%
No access to handwashing facility 1 11.11%
Unsafe water source 1 11.11%
Unsafe sex 0 0%
Iron deficiency 1 11.11%
Secondhand smoke 1 11.11%
Household air pollution 1 11.11%
Outdoor air pollution 1 11.11%
High body-mass index (obesity) 0 0%
High blood sugar 2 22.22%
High blood pressure 0 0%
Poor sanitation 1 11.11%
Iron deficiency 0 0%


Jamaica - Risk of Death in Age : 15 - 49 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 1 0.07%
Low bone mineral density 3 0.2%
Drug use 25 1.65%
Alcohol use 255 16.81%
No access to handwashing facility 5 0.33%
Unsafe water source 4 0.26%
Poor sanitation 3 0.2%
Smoking 144 9.49%
Secondhand smoke 17 1.12%
Low physical activity 17 1.12%
Diet low in fruits 64 4.22%
Diet low in vegetables 44 2.9%
Unsafe sex 153 10.09%
High body-mass index (obesity) 263 17.34%
Household air pollution 17 1.12%
Outdoor air pollution 51 3.36%
High total cholesterol 76 5.01%
High blood pressure 183 12.06%
High blood sugar 192 12.66%


Jamaica - Risk of Death in Age : 50 - 69 years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 12 0.19%
Drug use 47 0.74%
Alcohol use 332 5.21%
No access to handwashing facility 10 0.16%
Poor sanitation 4 0.06%
Unsafe sex 133 2.09%
Smoking 742 11.64%
Secondhand smoke 74 1.16%
Unsafe water source 5 0.08%
Diet low in vegetables 168 2.63%
Diet low in fruits 236 3.7%
Low physical activity 118 1.85%
Outdoor air pollution 220 3.45%
Household air pollution 67 1.05%
High body-mass index (obesity) 1270 19.92%
High blood sugar 1588 24.91%
High total cholesterol 296 4.64%
High blood pressure 1054 16.53%


Jamaica - Risk of Death in Age : 70+ years
Risk Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Iron deficiency 0 0%
Low bone mineral density 61 0.46%
Drug use 42 0.32%
Alcohol use 371 2.8%
Smoking 920 6.94%
Secondhand smoke 216 1.63%
Household air pollution 156 1.18%
Outdoor air pollution 520 3.92%
No access to handwashing facility 46 0.35%
Poor sanitation 16 0.12%
Unsafe water source 21 0.16%
Unsafe sex 90 0.68%
Low physical activity 504 3.8%
Diet low in vegetables 367 2.77%
Diet low in fruits 384 2.89%
High cholesterol 793 5.98%
High blood pressure 3077 23.2%
High blood sugar 4144 31.24%
High body-mass index (obesity) 1537 11.59%


Jamaica - Number of Deaths by Cancer Type
Cancer Type Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Liver cancer Patients : 127 | Deaths : 43 33.86%
Breast cancer Patients : 4144 | Deaths : 410 9.89%
Larynx cancer Patients : 222 | Deaths : 53 23.87%
Kidney cancer Patients : 362 | Deaths : 37 10.22%
Thyroid cancer Patients : 339 | Deaths : 19 5.6%
Ovarian cancer Patients : 418 | Deaths : 90 21.53%
Stomach cancer Patients : 503 | Deaths : 313 62.23%
Uterine cancer Patients : 1302 | Deaths : 101 7.76%
Bladder cancer Patients : 465 | Deaths : 74 15.91%
Cervical cancer Patients : 1730 | Deaths : 241 13.93%
Prostate cancer Patients : 5697 | Deaths : 794 13.94%
Testicular cancer Patients : 36 | Deaths : 2 5.56%
Pancreatic cancer Patients : 136 | Deaths : 89 65.44%
Esophageal cancer Patients : 87 | Deaths : 83 95.4%
Nasopharynx cancer Patients : 86 | Deaths : 15 17.44%
Colon & rectum cancer Patients : 2368 | Deaths : 445 18.79%
Non-melanoma skin cancer Patients : 53 | Deaths : 17 32.08%
Lip & oral cancer Patients : 231 | Deaths : 34 14.72%
Brain & nervous system cancer Patients : 137 | Deaths : 56 40.88%
Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer Patients : 589 | Deaths : 51 8.66%
Gallbladder & biliary tract cancer Patients : 37 | Deaths : 19 51.35%


Jamaica - Number of Deaths due to Cancer - Age Wise
Age Number of Deaths % of Total Deaths
Under-5s 113 0.59%
5-14 year olds 92 0.48%
15-49 year olds 3019 15.77%
50-69 year olds 7840 40.96%
70+ year olds 8077 42.2%


Source :
http://www.gapminder.org/data/documentation/gd004/
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/477365-1327525347307/8392086-1327528510568/WDR09_bookweb_1.pdf

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