178.00% Increase in Panama's greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990) - The World Bank Report

Last Update: This Article was Last updated on | Published by : theglobalgraph.com | Category : Panama

Highlights of this Analysis on Panama (Comparison 2010 vs 2018) :

178.00% Increase in greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)
50.00% Decrease in Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)
4.55% Decrease in Forest area (% of land area)
100.00% Increase in Methane emissions (% change from 1990)
10.11% Increase in Access to electricity (% of population)
3.33% Increase in Agricultural land (% of land area)

Panama a Latin America & Caribbean regioned country, is categorized as High income country by United Nations. These below are few data elements published by The World Bank impacting overall Climate Change.

Climate change is an acute threat to global development and efforts to end poverty. Without urgent action, climate change impacts could push an additional 100 million people into poverty by 2030.Countries and communities around the world are already experiencing increased climate change impacts – including droughts, floods, more intense and frequent natural disasters, and sea-level rise – and the poorest and most vulnerable are being hit the hardest.

Panama Urban population (% of total population)

Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.

Data Source : United Nations Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.

Year

Panama Urban population (% of total population)
Year	Values
1960	41
1970	47
1980	50
1990	53
2000	61
2010	65

Panama Urban population

Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.

Data Source : World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.

Observation : Panama Urban population is in Increasing trend

467350
694507
968723
1294320
1825830
2321157

Year

Panama Urban population
Year	Values
1960	467350
1970	694507
1980	968723
1990	1294320
2000	1825830
2010	2321157

Panama Urban population growth (annual %)

Data Source : World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.

Observation : Panama Urban population growth (annual %) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Urban population growth (annual %)
Year	Values
1960	4
1970	4
1980	3
1990	3
2000	3
2010	2

Panama Population, total

Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.

Data Source : (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.

Observation : Panama Population, total is in Increasing trend

1132997
1476481
1931304
2419426
2971196
3579215

Year

Panama Population, total
Year	Values
1960	1132997
1970	1476481
1980	1931304
1990	2419426
2000	2971196
2010	3579215

Panama Population growth (annual %)

Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.

Data Source : Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision, (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.

Observation : Panama Population growth (annual %) is in Stable trend

Year

Panama Population growth (annual %)
Year	Values
1960	3
1970	3
1980	2
1990	2
2000	2
2010	2

Panama Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population)

Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $1.90 a day at 2011 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.

Data Source : World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).

Observation : Panama Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	8
1990	24
2000	13
2010	3

Panama Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)

Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.

Data Source : Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.

Observation : Panama Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
Year	Values
1960	90
1970	68
1980	45
1990	32
2000	27
2010	21

Panama Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)

Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.

Data Source : UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

Observation : Panama Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	90
1990	81
2000	90
2010	98

Panama School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)

Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.

Data Source : UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

Observation : Panama School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) is in Stable trend

Year

Panama School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	1
1990	1
2000	1
2010	1

Panama Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)

Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3 or 4.

Data Source : World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.

Observation : Panama Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	8
1990	9
2000	6
2010	4

Panama Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)

Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2018 had a population of more than one million people.

Data Source : United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.

Observation : Panama Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)
Year	Values
1960	25
1970	29
1980	31
1990	34
2000	40
2010	41

Panama Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)

Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Data Source : World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.

Observation : Panama Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	1
2010	32

Panama Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management.

Data Source : European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

Observation : Panama Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) is in Increasing trend

0
0
953
997
1035
1349

Year

Panama Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	953
1990	997
2000	1035
2010	1349

Panama Methane emissions (% change from 1990)

Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Observation : Panama Methane emissions (% change from 1990) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Methane emissions (% change from 1990)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	0
2010	21

Panama Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.

Observation : Panama Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) is in Increasing trend

0
0
2714
2746
2770
3347

Year

Panama Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	2714
1990	2746
2000	2770
2010	3347

Panama Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

Total greenhouse gas emissions are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and Savannah burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and decay of drained peatlands), all anthropogenic CH4 sources, N2O sources and F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6). Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Observation : Panama Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	28
2010	127

Panama Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)

Total greenhouse gas emissions in kt of CO2 equivalent are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and Savannah burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and decay of drained peatlands), all anthropogenic CH4 sources, N2O sources and F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6).

Observation : Panama Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent) is in Increasing trend

0
0
7256
6614
8737
15490

Year

Panama Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	7256
1990	6614
2000	8737
2010	15490

Panama Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)

Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.

Observation : Panama Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	-78
2010	100

Panama Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)

Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.

Observation : Panama Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) is in Increasing trend

0
0
290
292
-72
2298

Year

Panama Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	290
1990	292
2000	-72
2010	2298

Panama CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total)

Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	1
1980	0
1990	1
2000	3
2010	2

Panama CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt)

Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	11
1980	0
1990	29
2000	158
2010	150

Panama CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)

Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) is in Stable trend

Year

Panama CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)
Year	Values
1960	1
1970	1
1980	2
1990	1
2000	2
2010	2

Panama CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total)

Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	94
1970	95
1980	92
1990	92
2000	91
2010	89

Panama CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)

Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt) is in Increasing trend

942
1955
2941
2310
5134
7613

Year

Panama CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)
Year	Values
1960	942
1970	1955
1980	2941
1990	2310
2000	5134
2010	7613

Panama CO2 emissions (kt)

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 emissions (kt) is in Increasing trend

997
2054
3194
2523
5669
8599

Year

Panama CO2 emissions (kt)
Year	Values
1960	997
1970	2054
1980	3194
1990	2523
2000	5669
2010	8599

Panama CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total)

Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total) is in Stable trend

Year

Panama CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	4
2000	0
2010	0

Panama CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt)

Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt) is in Stable trend

Year

Panama CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	103
2000	0
2010	0

Panama CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use)

Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.

Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.

Observation : Panama CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	2
1990	2
2000	2
2010	3

Panama Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)

Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Panama Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	898
1990	614
2000	854
2010	942

Panama Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)

Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Panama Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) is in Increasing trend

0
0
796
831
1219
1639

Year

Panama Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	796
1990	831
2000	1219
2010	1639

Panama Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2011 PPP)

Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2011 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Panama Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2011 PPP) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2011 PPP)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	81
2010	63

Panama Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)

Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.

Data Source : World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.

Observation : Panama Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	34
2010	26

Panama Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)

Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Panama Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	1
1990	2
2000	1
2010	0

Panama Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)

Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Panama Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh) is in Decreasing trend

0
0
19000000
47000000
29000000
23000000

Year

Panama Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	19000000
1990	47000000
2000	29000000
2010	23000000

Panama Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)

Renewable electricity is the share of electrity generated by renewable power plants in total electricity generated by all types of plants.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2018 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Panama Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	69
2010	57

Panama Electricity production from oil sources (% of total)

Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Panama Electricity production from oil sources (% of total) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Electricity production from oil sources (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	54
1990	14
2000	31
2010	43

Panama Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)

Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.

Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/

Observation : Panama Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	45
1990	85
2000	68
2010	56

Panama Access to electricity (% of population)

Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.

Observation : Panama Access to electricity (% of population) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Access to electricity (% of population)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	80
2010	89

Panama Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)

Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.

Data Source : International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, World Bank, International Debt Statistics, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.

Observation : Panama Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	1
1990	1
2000	6
2010	4

Panama Cereal yield (kg per hectare)

Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Panama Cereal yield (kg per hectare) is in Increasing trend

0
1108
1409
1903
2356
2596

Year

Panama Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	1108
1980	1409
1990	1903
2000	2356
2010	2596

Panama Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land)

Agricultural irrigated land refers to agricultural areas purposely provided with water, including land irrigated by controlled flooding.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Panama Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	0
2010	1

Panama Forest area (% of land area)

Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Panama Forest area (% of land area) is in Decreasing trend

Year

Panama Forest area (% of land area)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	66
2010	63

Panama Forest area (sq. km)

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Panama Forest area (sq. km) is in Decreasing trend

0
0
0
0
48843
47156

Year

Panama Forest area (sq. km)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	0
1980	0
1990	0
2000	48843
2010	47156

Panama Arable land (% of land area)

Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Panama Arable land (% of land area) is in Stable trend

Year

Panama Arable land (% of land area)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	6
1980	6
1990	7
2000	7
2010	7

Panama Agricultural land (% of land area)

Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Panama Agricultural land (% of land area) is in Increasing trend

Year

Panama Agricultural land (% of land area)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	23
1980	25
1990	28
2000	29
2010	30

Panama Agricultural land (sq. km)

Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.

Observation : Panama Agricultural land (sq. km) is in Increasing trend

0
16870
18520
21000
21570
22316

Year

Panama Agricultural land (sq. km)
Year	Values
1960	0
1970	16870
1980	18520
1990	21000
2000	21570
2010	22316