175.14% Increase in Hong Kong SAR, China's greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent) - The World Bank Report
Highlights of this Analysis on Hong Kong SAR, China (Comparison 2010 vs 2018) :
- 175.14% Increase in greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)
- 63.26% Decrease in CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)
- 0.00% Decrease in Forest area (% of land area)
- 26.53% Increase in Methane emissions (% change from 1990)
- 0.00% Decrease in Access to electricity (% of population)
- 7.69% Decrease in Agricultural land (% of land area)
Hong Kong SAR, China a East Asia & Pacific regioned country, is categorized as High income country by United Nations. These below are few data elements published by The World Bank impacting overall Climate Change.
Climate change is an acute threat to global development and efforts to end poverty. Without urgent action, climate change impacts could push an additional 100 million people into poverty by 2030.Countries and communities around the world are already experiencing increased climate change impacts – including droughts, floods, more intense and frequent natural disasters, and sea-level rise – and the poorest and most vulnerable are being hit the hardest.
Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.
Data Source : United Nations Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.- 85
- 87
- 91
- 99
- 100
- 100
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 85 |
| 1970 | 87 |
| 1980 | 91 |
| 1990 | 99 |
| 2000 | 100 |
| 2010 | 100 |
Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.
Data Source : World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.- 2620415
- 3379985
- 4493175
- 5634683
- 6606500
- 6972800
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 2620415 |
| 1970 | 3379985 |
| 1980 | 4493175 |
| 1990 | 5634683 |
| 2000 | 6606500 |
| 2010 | 6972800 |
Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects.
Data Source : World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.- 4
- 2
- 6
- 2
- 1
- 0
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 4 |
| 1970 | 2 |
| 1980 | 6 |
| 1990 | 2 |
| 2000 | 1 |
| 2010 | 0 |
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Data Source : (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.- 3075605
- 3863900
- 4929700
- 5686200
- 6606500
- 6972800
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 3075605 |
| 1970 | 3863900 |
| 1980 | 4929700 |
| 1990 | 5686200 |
| 2000 | 6606500 |
| 2010 | 6972800 |
Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.
Data Source : Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision, (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.- 4
- 2
- 5
- 1
- 1
- 0
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 4 |
| 1970 | 2 |
| 1980 | 5 |
| 1990 | 1 |
| 2000 | 1 |
| 2010 | 0 |
Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.
Data Source : UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)- 0
- 0
- 0
- 103
- 0
- 0
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 103 |
| 2000 | 0 |
| 2010 | 0 |
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.
Data Source : UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)- 0
- 0
- 1
- 0
- 0
- 0
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 1 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 0 |
| 2010 | 0 |
Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2018 had a population of more than one million people.
Data Source : United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.- 85
- 86
- 89
- 99
- 100
- 100
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 85 |
| 1970 | 86 |
| 1980 | 89 |
| 1990 | 99 |
| 2000 | 100 |
| 2010 | 100 |
Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.
Data Source : World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 50
- 29
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 50 |
| 2010 | 29 |
Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management.
Data Source : European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/- 0
- 0
- 151
- 379
- 594
- 510
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 151 |
| 1990 | 379 |
| 2000 | 594 |
| 2010 | 510 |
Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.
Data Source : World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 72
- 98
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 72 |
| 2010 | 98 |
Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.
Data Source : European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/- 0
- 0
- 968
- 1466
- 2640
- 3033
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 968 |
| 1990 | 1466 |
| 2000 | 2640 |
| 2010 | 3033 |
Total greenhouse gas emissions are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and Savannah burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and decay of drained peatlands), all anthropogenic CH4 sources, N2O sources and F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6). Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.
Data Source : World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 31
- 40
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 31 |
| 2010 | 40 |
Total greenhouse gas emissions in kt of CO2 equivalent are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and Savannah burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and decay of drained peatlands), all anthropogenic CH4 sources, N2O sources and F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6).
Data Source : European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR), EDGARv4.2 FT2012: http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/- 0
- 0
- 16548
- 36449
- 48968
- 52039
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 16548 |
| 1990 | 36449 |
| 2000 | 48968 |
| 2010 | 52039 |
Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.
Data Source : World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.- 0
- 0
- 363
- 341
- -550
- 732
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 363 |
| 1990 | 341 |
| 2000 | -550 |
| 2010 | 732 |
Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 14
- 1
- 0
- 66
- 27
- 64
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 14 |
| 1970 | 1 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 66 |
| 2000 | 27 |
| 2010 | 64 |
Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 418
- 103
- 29
- 20146
- 11709
- 27136
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 418 |
| 1970 | 103 |
| 1980 | 29 |
| 1990 | 20146 |
| 2000 | 11709 |
| 2010 | 27136 |
Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 1
- 2
- 3
- 5
- 6
- 6
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 1 |
| 1970 | 2 |
| 1980 | 3 |
| 1990 | 5 |
| 2000 | 6 |
| 2010 | 6 |
Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 83
- 96
- 96
- 30
- 59
- 22
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 83 |
| 1970 | 96 |
| 1980 | 96 |
| 1990 | 30 |
| 2000 | 59 |
| 2010 | 22 |
Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 2461
- 7470
- 15218
- 9134
- 25233
- 9270
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 2461 |
| 1970 | 7470 |
| 1980 | 15218 |
| 1990 | 9134 |
| 2000 | 25233 |
| 2010 | 9270 |
Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 2956
- 7759
- 15885
- 30348
- 42717
- 42148
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 2956 |
| 1970 | 7759 |
| 1980 | 15885 |
| 1990 | 30348 |
| 2000 | 42717 |
| 2010 | 42148 |
Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 12
- 12
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 12 |
| 2010 | 12 |
Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 5086
- 5178
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 5086 |
| 2010 | 5178 |
Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.
Data Source : Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.- 0
- 0
- 4
- 3
- 3
- 3
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 4 |
| 1990 | 3 |
| 2000 | 3 |
| 2010 | 3 |
Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.
Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/- 0
- 0
- 919
- 1661
- 2432
- 2107
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 919 |
| 1990 | 1661 |
| 2000 | 2432 |
| 2010 | 2107 |
Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.
Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/- 0
- 0
- 2003
- 3937
- 5268
- 5951
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 2003 |
| 1990 | 3937 |
| 2000 | 5268 |
| 2010 | 5951 |
Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2011 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.
Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 76
- 46
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 76 |
| 2010 | 46 |
Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.
Data Source : World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 1
- 1
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 1 |
| 2010 | 1 |
Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.
Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 1000000
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 0 |
| 2010 | 1000000 |
Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.
Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/- 0
- 0
- 100
- 3
- 1
- 0
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 100 |
| 1990 | 3 |
| 2000 | 1 |
| 2010 | 0 |
Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids.
Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 43
- 29
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 43 |
| 2010 | 29 |
Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and lignite-brown coal) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coke oven gas, and blast furnace gas). Peat is also included in this category.
Data Source : IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/- 0
- 0
- 0
- 97
- 56
- 71
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 97 |
| 2000 | 56 |
| 2010 | 71 |
Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.
Data Source : World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 100
- 100
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 100 |
| 2010 | 100 |
Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.
Data Source : International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, World Bank, International Debt Statistics, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.- 0
- 0
- 0
- 0
- 15
- 25
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0 |
| 1980 | 0 |
| 1990 | 0 |
| 2000 | 15 |
| 2010 | 25 |
Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.
Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.- 0
- 2365
- 1515
- 3000
- 1929
- 2000
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 2365 |
| 1980 | 1515 |
| 1990 | 3000 |
| 2000 | 1929 |
| 2010 | 2000 |
Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.- 0
- 12
- 8
- 6
- 5
- 4
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 12 |
| 1980 | 8 |
| 1990 | 6 |
| 2000 | 5 |
| 2010 | 4 |
Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.- 0
- 13
- 8
- 8
- 7
- 6
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 13 |
| 1980 | 8 |
| 1990 | 8 |
| 2000 | 7 |
| 2010 | 6 |
Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
Data Source : Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.- 0
- 130
- 80
- 80
- 70
- 60
| Year | Values |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 0 |
| 1970 | 130 |
| 1980 | 80 |
| 1990 | 80 |
| 2000 | 70 |
| 2010 | 60 |